2010年全国硕士研究生入学考试英语试题及答案Section I Use of English Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points) In 1924 AmericanNational Research Council sent to engineers to supervise a series of industrial experiments at a large telephone-parts factory called the Hawthore Plant near Chicago.It hoped they would learn how stop-floor lignting_1_workers productivity. Instead, the studies ended _2_giving their name to the “Hawthorne effect”, the extremely influential idea that the very_3_to being experimented upon changed subjects behavior. The idea arose because of the _4_behavior of the women in the Hawthorne plant.According to _5_of the experments, their hourly output rose when lighting was increased, but also when it was dimmed. It did not _6_what was done in the experiment; _7_something was changed ,productivity rose. A(n)_8_that they were being experimented upon seemed to be _9_to alter workers behavior _10_itself. After several decades, the same data were _11_ to econometric the analysis. The Hawthorne experiments have another surprise in store: _12 _the descriptions on record, no systematic _13_ was found that levels of reproductivity were related to changes in lighting. It turns out that particular way of conducting the experiments may have led to_ 14_ interpretation of what happed._ 15_ , lighting was always changed on a Sunday .When work started again on Monday, output _16_ rose compared with the previous Saturday and_ 17 _to rise for the next couple of days._ 18_ a comparison with data for weeks when there was no experimentation showed that output always went up on Monday. Workers_ 19_ to be diligent for the first few days of the weeking week in any case , before _20 _a plateau and then slackening off. This suggests that the alleged “Hawthorne effect “ is hard to pin down. 1. A affected B achieved C extracted D restored2. A atBup C with D off3. Atruth Bsight C act D proof4. A controversial B perplexing Cmischievous D ambiguous5. Arequirements Bexplanations C accounts D assessments6. A conclude B matter C indicate D work7. A as far as B for fear that C in case that D so long so8. A awareness B expectation C sentiment D illusion9. A suitable B excessive C enough D abundant10. A about B for C on D by11. A compared Bshown C subjected D conveyed12. A contrary to B consistent with C parallel with D pealliar to13. A evidence Bguidance Cimplication Dsource 14. A disputable Benlightening Creliable Dmisleading 15. A In contrast B For example C In consequence D As usual16. A duly Baccidentally C unpredictably D suddenly 17. Afailed Bceased Cstarted Dcontinued 20. Abreaking Bclimbing Csurpassing Dhitting Section II Reading Comprehension Part A Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points) Text 1 Text 2 Over the past decade, thousands of patents have seen granted for what are called business methods. Amazon.com received one for its “one-click” online payment system. Merrill Lynch got legal protection for an asset allocation strategy. One inventor patented a technique for lifting a box. Now the nations top patent court appears completely ready to scale back on business-method patents, which have been controversial ever since they were first authorized 10 years ago. In a move that has intellectual-property lawyers abuzz the U.S. court of Appeals for the federal circuit said it would use a particular case to conduct a broad review of business-method patents. In re Bilski , as the case is known , is “a very big deal”, says DennisD. Crouch of the University of Missouri School of law. It “has the potential to eliminate an entire class of patents.” Curbs on business-method claims would be a dramatic about-face, because it was the federal circuit itself that introduced such patents with is 1998 decision in the so-called state Street Bank case, approving a patent on a way of pooling mutual-fund assets. That ruling produced an explosion in business-method patent filings, initially by emerging internet companies trying to stake out exclusive pinhts to specific types of online transactions. Later, move established companies raced to add such patents to their files, if only as a defensive move against rivals that might bent them to the punch. In 2005, IBM noted in a court filing that it had been issued more than 300 business-method patents despite the fact that it questioned the legal basis for granting them. Similarly, some Wall Street investment films armed themselves with patents for financial products,