2022年考博英语-福建师范大学考前模拟强化练习题（附答案详解）1. 单选题Hard work and malnutrition （ ）his health and he looked thin and pale.问题1选项A.impairedB.promotedC.acceleratedD.smashed【答案】A【解析】考查动词辨析。impair意为“损害，削弱”；promote意为“促进，推进”；accelerate意为“加快，增速”；smash意为“打碎，打破”。句意：繁重的工作和营养不良损害了他的健康，他看上去又瘦又苍白。2. 问答题In spite of (A) his aged (B) appearance, his movements were as spirited (C) as a young man(D).【答案】试题答案：D; a young mans【解析】考查比较级。as.as意为“与一样”，his movements（他的动作）不能与a young man（年轻人）进行比较，应与a young mans movements比较，为了避免重复，此处可将a young mans movements中的movements省略，改为a young mans。3. 单选题The local government is intensifying efforts to popularize （ ）education in rural localities.问题1选项A.instinctiveB.impulsiveC.compulsoryD.voluntary【答案】C【解析】考查形容词辨析。instinctive意为“天生的，生来的”；impulsive意为“冲动的”；compulsory意为“(因法律或规则而) 必须做的，强制的”；voluntary意为“自愿的，自发的”。句意：当地政府正在加大努力在农村地区普及义务教育。4. 单选题Many soldiers have to remind themselves when they return home not to use（ ）of the barracks.问题1选项A.vulgarB.grossC.roughD.coarse【答案】B【解析】考查形容词辨析。vulgar意为“庸俗的，粗俗的”；gross意为“不雅的，恶俗的”；rough意为“（态度）粗暴”；coarse意为“粗鲁无礼的”。A、C、D选项一般表示行为，举止粗俗，此处表示使用的语言，gross表示语言的粗鲁不雅，因此选B。句意：许多士兵在回家时必须提醒自己不使用军营里粗鲁的语言。5. 单选题In the United States, the need to protect plant and animal species has become a highly controversial and sharply political issue since the passage of the Endangered Species Act in 1973. The act, designed to protect species living areas, and policies that preserve land and forests compete with economic interests. In the 1990s, for example, the woodcutters in the Western United states were challenged legally in their attempt to cut trees for timber in the Cascade Mountains. The challenge was mounted to protect the endangered spotted owl, whose remaining population occupies these forests and requires the intact, ancient forest for survival. The problematic situation set the interests of environmentalists against those of corporations and of individuals who stood to lose jobs. After months of debate and legal battles, the fate of the woodcutters and the owls was still undecided in mid-1992.Similar tensions exist between the developed and the developing nations. Many people in industrialized nations, for example, believe that developing nations in tropical regions should do more to protect their rain forests and other natural areas. But the developing countries may be impoverished; with populations growing so rapidly that using the land is a means to temporarily avoid worsening poverty and starvation.Many of the changes, to Earth that concern scientists have the potential to rob the plant of its biological richness. The destruction of Earths ozone layer, for example, could contribute to the general process of impoverishment by allowing ultra-violet rays to harm plants and animals. And global warming could wipe out species unable to quickly adapt to changing climates. Clearly, protecting Earths biological diversity is a complex problem. But solutions to humanitys current problems will come only through coordinated international efforts to control human population, stabilize the composition of the atmosphere, and preserve intact Earths complex web of life.1.Why does the author say that the protection of endangered species is a highly controversial issue?2.According to the passage, the preservation of rain forests （ ）.3.Among humanitys current problem, the chief concern of the scientist is（ ）.4.The authors purpose in writing this passage is（ ）.问题1选项A.Because people cant agree as to what species to protect.B.Because it is difficult to find an effective way to protect such species.C.Because it affects the interests of certain groups of people.D.Because it is a major problem involving a series of legal procedures.问题2选项A.may hamper a developing country in its tight against povertyB.benefits developed countries rather than developing countriesC.should take priority over the control of human populationD.will help improve the living conditions in developing countries问题3选项A.the impoverishment of developing countriesB.the explosion of the human populationC.the reduction of biological diversityD.the effect of global warming问题4选项A.to describe the difficulties in solving humanitys current problemsB.to point out the different views on humanitys current problemsC.to analyze the contradiction between countries in dealing with humanitys current problemsD.to present that humanitys current problems can only be solved through the cooperation of nations【答案】第1题:C第2题:A第3题:C第4题:D【解析】1.细节事实题。由文章第一段中的The problematic situation set the interests of environmentalists against those of corporations and of individuals who stood to lose jobs.（这种未可预料的形势把环境保护者的利益与公司的利益以及要承受失业的个人的利益对立起来）可知C选项“因为它影响到某些群体的利益”符合题意。