2022年考博英语-苏州大学考前模拟强化练习题（附答案详解）1. 单选题They managed to （ ） the enemys secret telegram and thus were able to win the victory.问题1选项A.decomposeB.decodeC.enlightenD.enclose【答案】B【解析】动词词义辨析。Decompose “分解，腐烂”；decode “解密，破译”；enlighten “启示”；enclose “围绕，装入”。句意：他们设法破译了敌人的密电，从而赢得了胜利。选项B符合题意。2. 单选题In the spring of 2010, fiscal austerity became fashionable. I use the term advisedly: the sudden consensus among Very Serious People that everyone must balance budgets now wasnt based on any kind of careful analysis. It was more like a fad, something everyone professed to believe because that was what the in-crowd was saying.And its a fad that has been fading lately, as evidence has accumulated that the lessons of the past remain relevant, that trying to balance budgets in the face of high unemployment and falling inflation is still a really bad idea. Most notably, the confidence fairy has been exposed as a myth. There have been widespread claims that deficit-cutting actually reduces unemployment because it reassures consumers and businesses; but multiple studies of historical record, including one by the International Monetary Fund, have shown that this claim has no basis in reality.No widespread fad ever passes, however, without leaving some fashion victims in its wake. In this case, the victims are the people of Britain, who have the misfortune to be ruled by a government that took office at the height of the austerity fad and wont admit that it was wrong. Britain, like America, is suffering from the aftermath of a housing and debt bubble. Its problems are compounded by Londons role as an international financial center: Britain came to rely on too much on profits from wheeling and dealing to drive its economy-and on financial-industry tax payments to pay for government programs.Over-reliance on the financial industry largely explains why Britain, which came into the crisis with relatively low public debt, has seen its budget deficit soar to 11 percent of GD.P. - slightly worse than the U.S. deficit. And theres no question that Britain will eventually need to balance its books with spending cuts and tax increases. The operative word here should, however, be “eventually.” Fiscal austerity will depress the economy further unless it can be offset by a fall in interest rates. Right now, interest rates in Britain, as in America, are already very low, with little room to fall further. The sensible thing, then, is to devise a plan for putting the nations fiscal house in order, while waiting until a solid economic recovery is under way before wielding the ax.But trendy fashion, almost by definition, isnt sensible-and the British government seems determined to ignore the lessons of history. Both the new British budget announced on Wednesday and the rhetoric that accompanied the announcement might have come straight from the desk of Andrew Mellon, the Treasury secretary who told President Herbert Hoover to fight the Depression by liquidating the farmers, liquidating the workers, and driving down wages. Or if you prefer more British precedents, it echoes the Snowden budget of 1931, which tried to restore confidence but ended up deepening the economic crisis.The British governments plan is bold, say the pundits-and so it is. But it boldly goes in exactly the wrong direction. It would cut government employment by 490,000 workers-the equivalent of almost three million layoffs in the United States-at a time when the private sector is in no position to provide alternative employment. It would slash spending at a time when private demand isnt at all ready to take up the slack. Why is the British government doing this? The real reason has a lot to do with ideology: the Tories are using the deficit as an excuse to downsize the welfare state. But the official rationale is that there is no alternative.What happens now? Maybe Britain will get lucky, and something will come along to rescue the economy. But the best guess is that Britain in 2011 will look like Britain in 1931, or the United States in 1937, or Japan in 1997. That is, premature fiscal austerity will lead to a renewed economic slump. As always, those who refuse to learn from the past are doomed to repeat it.1.The “fiscal austerity” refers to （ ）.2.By saying “the confidence fairy has been exposed as a myth”，the author means （ ）.3.What is wrong with the current governments financial policy?4.By mentioning Andrew Mellon, the author implies that （ ）.5.To the author, the practice of fiscal austerity will certainly lead to （ ）.问题1选项A.the consensus among financial advisersB.the reduction in expenditureC.the severe economic recessionD.the high inflation rate问题2选项A.balancing budgets does not help with employmentB.businesses have not improved their operationC.reducing budgets is no longer a fad nowD.falling inflation has given consumers confidence问题