2022年考博英语-哈尔滨师范大学考前提分综合测验卷（附带答案及详解）1. 单选题His temper and personality show that he can become a soldier of the top _.问题1选项A.circleB.rankC.categoryD.grade【答案】B【解析】【选项释义】A. circle圆圈 B. rank（尤指较高的）地位，级别C. category（人或事物的）类别，种类 D. grade等级，品级【答案】B【考查点】名词辨析。【解题思路】根据关键词soldier和top可知，此处是指最高军衔的军人，而rank指人在社会中的地位或等级，尤指军队中的军衔，符合句意，故该题选择B项。【干扰项排除】A、C项不符合句意；D项是指按照地位或优劣划分的等级，是比较宽泛的等级，放在句中不恰当。【句意】他的脾气和个性表明他能成为一名有最高军衔的军人。2. 单选题Jims close _ to his brother made people mistake them for one another.问题1选项A.accuracyB.confusionC.probabilityD.resemblance【答案】D【解析】【选项释义】A. accuracy精确，准确 B. confusion困惑；混乱C. probability可能性；概率 D. resemblance相似，相像【答案】D【考查点】名词辨析。【解题思路】按照句意“吉姆和他哥哥的_使人们误以为他们是彼此”可推知，吉姆兄弟俩让人们认不出来，说明吉姆和他哥哥长得相似，resemblance是指与某人或某物相似或看起来相似，与介词to搭配使用，故该题选择D项。【干扰项排除】A、B、C项不符合句意。【句意】吉姆和他哥哥长得很像，这使人们误以为他们是彼此。3. 单选题Passage 1There are a great many careers in which the increasing emphasis is on specialization. You find these careers in engineering, in production, in statistical work, and in teaching. But there is an increasing demand for people who are able to take in a great area at a glance, people who perhaps do not know too much about any one field. There is, in other words, a demand for people who are capable of seeing the forest rather than the trees, of making general judgments. We can call these people “generalists” And these “generalists” are particularly needed for positions in administration, where it is their job to see that other people do the work, where they have to plan for other people to, organize other peoples work, to begin it and judge it. The specialist understands one field: his educational background is properly technical or professional. The generalistand especially the administratordeals with people; his concern is with leadership, with planning, and with direction giving.He is an “educated” man; and humanities are his strongest foundation. Very rarely is a specialist capable of being an administrator. And very rarely is a good generalist also a good specialist in a particular field. Any organization needs both kinds of people, though different organizations need them in different proportions. It is your task to find out, during your training period into which of the two kinds of jobs you fit, and to plan your career accordingly.Your first job may turn out to be the right job for youbut this is pure accident. Certainly you should not change jobs constantly or people will become suspicious of your ability to hold any job. At the same time you must not look upon the first job as the final job: it is primarily a training job, an opportunity to understand yourself and your fitness for being an employee.21. There is an increasing demand for _.22. The specialist is _.23. The administrator is _.24. During your training period, it is important _.25. A mans first job _.问题1选项A.specialists whose chief concern is to provide administrative guidance to othersB.all-round people in their own fieldC.people whose job is to organize other peoples workD.generalists whose educational background is either technical or professional问题2选项A.a man whose concern is mainly with technical or professional mattersB.a man whose job is to train other peopleC.a man who has been trained in more than one fieldD.a man who can see the forest rather than the trees问题3选项A.a man who is an “educated” specialistB.a “trained” man who is more a specialist than a generalistC.a man who sees the trees as well as the forestD.a man who is very strong in the humanities问题4选项A.to try to be a generalistB.to choose a profitable jobC.to decide whether you are fit to be a specialist or a generalistD.to find an organization which fits you问题5选项A.should not be regarded as his final jobB.is never the right job for himC.should not be changed or people will become suspicious of his ability to hold any jobD.is primarily an opportunity to fit himself for his final job【答案】第1题:C第2题:A第3题:D第4题:C第5题:A【解析】21.【选项释义】21. There is an increasing demand for _. 21. 对_的需求日益增加。A. specialists whose chief concern is to provide administrative guidance to others A. 主要关心为他人提供行政指导的专家B. all-round people in their own field B. 各自领域的全能型人才C. people whose job is to organize other peoples work C. 以组织他人工作为工作职责的人D. generalists whose educational background is either technical or professional D. 技术或专业教育背景的通才【答案】C【考查点】细节事实题。【解题思路】根据increasing demand定位至第一段第三、四句“但是，人们越来越需要那些一眼就能看到广阔领域的人，这些人可能对任何一个领域都不太了解。换句话说，人们需要能够看到整个森林而不是树木的人，需要能够做出一般判断的人。”理解可知，能够做出一般判断的人的需求日益增加，结合第一段第五句“我们可以称这些人为通才，这些通才在行政管理职位上尤其需要，他们的工作是监督其他人工作，他们必须为其他人计划、组织其工作、开始工作和评判工作”可知，能够做出一般判断的人指的是行政管理职位上的人，C项“以组织他人工作为工作职责的人”同属行政管理的职能，故该题选择C项。【干扰项排除】A项“主要关心为他人提供行政指导的专家”，根据原文可知，“通才”才是关心领导力、计划和方向的人才