2022年考博英语-北京大学考前模拟强化练习题（附答案详解）1. 单选题New research suggests gossip could actually lower_and help people overcome the frustration of seeing someone doing something wrong and getting away with it.问题1选项A.pressB.blessC.cressD.stress【答案】D【解析】考查形近名词辨析。lower在句中表示动词用法，后面空格处应填名词。press “压；新闻”；bless无名词用法；cress“水芹”；stress“压力”。句意：新的研究表明，流言实际上可能会降低并帮助人们克服看到有人做错事却没受惩罚的挫败感。因此选项D符合题意。2. 单选题There seemed little doubt that the spread of a particular cultural trait did follow a specific regular pattern（ ）.问题1选项A.as a society adoptedB.which a society adopted itC.as a society adopted itD.when a society adopted【答案】A【解析】考查语法知识。选项中的as引导的是定语从句，修饰前面的a specific regular pattern，as在从句中充当宾语，因此B和C选项从句中的it是多余的，且句中没有提到任何时间词，排除D。因此A选项符合题意。3. 单选题The Collectors Edition coin is_, and represents a true collectors treasure to be appreciated for generations to come.问题1选项A.unlikely any Elvis Presley collectible ever releasedB.unlikely, and Elvis Presley collectible never releasedC.unlike any Elvis Presley collectible never releasedD.unlike any Elvis Presley collectible ever released【答案】D【解析】考查词义。句意：此款收藏版硬币，代表着一个真正的收藏家的珍品，其在未来将会升值。unlike“不同的；不相似的”；unlikely“不太可能的”，常出现于“it is unlikely that”。由句意判断，此枚硬币价值极高，不同于猫王发行的其他收藏品。因此D选项符合题意。4. 单选题In science the meaning of the word explain suffers with civilizations every step in search of reality. Science cannot really explain electricity, magnetism, and gravitation; their effects can be measured and predicted, but of their nature no more is known to the modern scientist than to Thales who first speculated onthe electrification of amber. Most contemporary physicists reject the notion that man can ever discover what these mysterious forces really are. Electricity, Bertrand Russell says, is not a thing, like St. Pauls Cathedral; it is a way in which things behave. When we have told how things behave when they are electrified, and under what circumstances they are electrified, we have told all there is to tell. Until recently scientists would have disapproved of such an idea. Aristotle, for example, whose natural science dominated western thought for two thousand years, believed that man could arrive at an understanding of reality by reasoning from self-evident principles. He felt, for example, that it is a self-evident principle that everything in the universe has its proper place, hence one can deduce that objects fall to the ground because thats where they belong, and smoke goes up because thats where it belongs. The goal of Aristotelian science was to explain why things happen. Modern science was born when Galileo began trying to explain how things happen and thus originated the method of controlled experiment which now forms the basis of scientific investigation.1.Bertrand Russells notion about electricity is （ ）.2.The passage says that until recently scientists disagreed with the idea that （ ）.3.The expression speculated on (Line 4) means（ ）.问题1选项A.disapproved of by most modern scientistsB.in agreement with Aristotles theory of self-evident principlesC.in agreement with scientific investigation directed toward how things happenD.in agreement with scientific investigation directed toward why things happen问题2选项A.there are self-evident principlesB.there are mysterious forces in the universeC.man cannot discover what forces really areD.we can discover why things behave as they do问题3选项A.consideredB.suspectedC.expectedD.engaged in buying and selling【答案】第1题:C第2题:C第3题:A【解析】1.细节推理题。题干：伯特兰罗素关于电的见解_。文章引用了罗素的见解之后有一句“Until recently scientists would have disapproved of such an idea”，此句是not until句型的变形，提取了disapproved中的否定部分后，可理解为“直到现在科学家们才赞成这个说法”，可知罗素的见解与当代科学家们是符合的。文章最后一句提到“Galileo began trying to explain how things happen and thus originated forms the basis of scientific investigation”，说明当代科学是研究“how things happen”。因此C选项符合题意。2.细节题。题干：这篇文章说，直到最近科学家们才同意这种观点_。题干部分的理解与上题选项一致。科学家们同意的是罗素的观点，而作者引用罗素是为了说明“Most contemporary physicists reject the notion that man can ever discover what these mysterious forces really are”，因此C选项符合题意。3.词义题。定位句说到，科学不能真正解释电、磁、重力，它们的效果能被测量和预测。对于它们的本性，现代科学家并不比希腊哲学家泰利斯知道得更多。所以对于琥珀带电这件事，泰勒斯应该停留在思考阶段，还不能说是怀疑。因此A选型符合题意。5. 单选题He is not under arrest, _ any restriction on him.问题1选项A.or the police have placedB.or have the police placedC.nor the police have placedD.nor have the police placed【答案】D【解析】考查倒装句用法。根据句意，前半句与后半句均表示否定含义，因此后半句用nor引导。nor后应接倒装结构。因此D选项符合题意。6. 单选题Weve seen a(n) ( ) trend of consumers saying they will spend more, from holiday shopping to 2012 travel plans, and spending plans for Feb. 14 are no exception.问题1选项A.consistentB.persistentC.insistentD.resistant【答案】A【解析】考查形近形容词辨析。consistent“前后一致的；坚持的“；p