2022-2023年考博英语-西南财经大学模拟考试题（含答案解析）1. 单选题If you know exactly what you want, the best route to a job is to get specialized training. A recent survey shows that companies like graduates in such fields as business and health care who can go to work immediately with very little on-the-job training.Thats especially true of booming fields that are challenging for workers. At Cornells School of Hotel Administration, for example, bachelors degree graduates get an average of four or five job offers with salaries ranging from the high teens to the low 20s and plenty of chances for rapid advancement. Large companies, especially, like a background of formal education coupled with work experience.But in the long run, too much specialization doesnt pay off. Business, which has been flooded with MBAs, no longer considers the degree an automatic stamp of approval. The MBA may open doors and command a higher salary initially, but the impact of a degree washes out after five years.As further evidence of the erosion（销蚀）of corporate（公司的）faith in specialized degrees, Michigan States Scheetz cites a pattern in corporate hiring practices, although companies tend to take on specialists as new hires, they often seek out generalists for middle and upper-level management. “They want someone who isnt constrained（限制）by nuts and bolts to look at the big picture,” says Scheetz. This sounds suspiciously like a formal statement that you approve of the liberal-arts graduate. Time and again labor-market analysts mention a need for talents that liberal-arts majors are assumed to have: writing and communication skills, organizational skills, open-mindedness and adaptability, and the ability to analyze and solve problems. David Birch claims he does not hire anybody with an MBA or an engineering degree. “I hire only liberal-arts（文科）people because they have a less-than-canned way of doing things, says Birch. Liberal-arts means an academically thorough and strict program that includes literature, history, Mathematics, economics, science, human behaviorplus a computer course or two. With that under your belt, you can feel free to specialize，“A liberal-arts degree coupled with an MBA or some other technical training is a very good combination in the marketplace,” says Scheetz. 1.What kinds of people are in high demand on the job market?2.By saying “.but the impact of a degree washes out after five years” (Line3, Para. 3), the author means （ ）.3.According to Scheetzs statement (Lines4-5, Para. 4), companies prefer（ ）.4.David Birch claims that he only hires liberal-arts people because（ ）.5.Which of the following statements does the author support?问题1选项A.Students with a bachelors degree in humanities.B.People with an MBA degree from top universities.C.People with formal schooling plus work experience.D.People with special training in engineering.问题2选项A.most MBA programs fail to provide students with a solid foundationB.an MBA degree does not help promotion to managerial positionsC.MBA programs will not be as popular in five years time as they are nowD.in five years people will forget about the degree the MBA graduates have got问题3选项A.people who have a strategic mindB.people who are talented in fine artsC.people who are ambitious and aggressiveD.people who have received training in mechanics问题4选项A.they are more capable of handling changing situationsB.they can stick to established ways of soiling problemsC.they are thoroughly trained in a variety of specialized fieldsD.they have attended special programs in management问题5选项A.Specialists are more expensive to hire than generalists.B.Formal schooling is less important than job training.C.On-the-job training is in the long run, less costly.D.Generalists will outdo specialists in management.【答案】第1题:C第2题:B第3题:A第4题:A第5题:D【解析】第1题:细节事实题。根据第一段最后一句“A recent survey shows that companies like graduates in such fields as business and health care who can go to work immediately with very little on-the-job training.”最近的一项调查显示，企业喜欢那些只需要很少的在职培训就能立即上手工作的商业和卫生保健等领域的毕业生。再根据第二段最后一句“Large companies, especially, like a background of formal education coupled with work experience.”尤其是大公司，要求有正规教育背景和工作经验。由此可知，受过正规教育加上有工作经验的人在就业市场上的需求量最大，所以选项C符合原文。第2题:判断推理题。作者在下文也就是第四段给出了解释：密歇根州立大学的Scheetz援引了企业招聘实践中的一种模式，进一步证明企业对持有专业学位人士的信心正在减弱。虽然公司倾向于聘用专业人才作为新员工，但他们往往会找寻全能人才作为中高层管理。由此可推断，作者认为“MBA学位无助于晋升到管理职位”，选项B符合原文。第3题:判断推理题。根据第四段最后一句“They want someone who isnt constrained（限制）by nuts and bolts to look at the big picture, says Scheetz.”Scheetz说：“他们想要一个不受细枝末节限制且能顾全大局的人。也就是具有战略思维的人，” 选项A正确。第4题:细节事实题。根据关键词“David Birch”定位到最后一段第四句“I hire only liberal-arts people because they have a less-than-canned way of doing things, says Birch.”Birch说:“我只聘用文科人才，因为他们做事的方式不那么死板。”也就是说，他们有能力处理变化无常的事情，选项A正确。第5题:判断推理题。根据第四段的内容“although companies tend to take on specialists