2022年考博英语-中国科学院考试题库（难点、易错点剖析）附答案有详解1. 单选题These pollutants can be（ ） hundreds and even thousands of kilometers by large air masses.问题1选项A.conveyedB.conjecturedC.conjuredD.conserved【答案】A【解析】考查动词辨析。convey “传播，输送”；conjecture “推测”；conjure “用魔法变出，想象”；conserve “保全，保护”。句意为：这些污染物会因为强大的气团而被传播至百里，甚至千里之外。选项A符合句意。2. 单选题Their work will _, but they ought to try to improve it.问题1选项A.get awayB.get aroundC.get byD.get on【答案】C【解析】【选项释义】A. get away 离开，逃跑 B. get around 避开，说服C. get by 过得去，勉强过活 D. get on 进展，做得好【考查点】固定搭配。【解题思路】空格处和上文的“Their work（他们的工作）”构成主谓逻辑，表示他们的工作如何。由but可知前后两个分句之间存在转折的逻辑关系，由后半句句意“但他们应该努力加以改进（improve it）”可知，他们的工作情况不算糟糕，但是还有需要改进的地方。get by指勉强过得去，因此C选项“过得去，勉强过活”最符合题意。【干扰项排除】A选项get away“离开，逃跑”指离开一个地方或为了避免被抓而逃跑，不能和“work（工作）”进行搭配；B选项get around“避开，说服”指避开规章法律或通过取悦谄媚来说服，不符合题干的语义逻辑；D选项get on“进展，做得好”指在特定情况下取得成功，与题干的语义相矛盾，应该是“工作勉强过得去”而不是“工作做得好”。【句意】虽然他们的工作还过得去，但他们应该努力加以改进。3. 单选题Research marches onward, but were still （ ）something as simple as the flu.问题1选项A.in the course ofB.with the exception ofC.on the brink ofD.at the mercy of【答案】D【解析】考查介词词组辨析。in the course of “在过程中”；with the exception of “除.之外”；on the brink of “在的边缘”；at the mercy of “任凭摆布”。句意为：研究不曾止步，而我们对类似流感这般简单的疾病仍然难以控制。选项D符合句意。4. 单选题Those whove heard of Zane Grey usually identify him as the author of best-selling westerns, but few realize that he was the commercially most successful American author of the 1920s. Each year from 1915 to 1924, he had a new novel on the annual list of top-10 bestsellers. Riders of the Purple Sage, The Light of Western Stars, and The Rainbow Trail are still popular, but Greys best story may be his own colorful and remarkably little-known life.Zane Grey was born in Zanesville, Ohio. Grey recalled his own youth as full of relentless conflicts with his stern, demanding father, a farmers son who had become a successful dentist in Zanesville. Greys delinquency and poor record in school exacerbated matters. Then, midway through his junior year, he had to drop out of high school to help his father who suddenly became poor by pulling teeth for needy locals.For diversion, Grey played baseball - with enough talent to earn scholarships to several universities. He chose the University of Pennsylvania not only for its accomplished team, but also for its dental school, which offered him immediate admission, sparing him the tough undergraduate program. After graduation, he concentrated more on baseball than dentistry, hoping to reach the major leagues, but to no avail. He retreated to a full-time practice in New York City, but quickly discovered that writing about ancestors whose lives were more distinguished and exciting than his was preferable to coping with decayed teeth and bad breath.During a summer escape in 1900 to rural Lackawaxen on the upper Delaware River, he met Lina “Dolly” Roth, 11 years younger, a New York doctors daughter who enthusiastically supported his yearning to become a writer. After their marriage in 1905, her substantial inheritance enabled him to quit dentistry and write full time. Their cross-country honeymoon trip carried them to the Grand Canyon at the dawn of its tourist appeal. Grey was captivated by the canyons natural splendor. He would return there twice more for mountain-lion hunts，which inspired Heritage of the Desert, his first western story, published in 1910 when he was 38. For the next 15 years, he returned annually to the Southwest to find new material for more books.1. As a writer, Zane Grey（ ）.2. In his childhood, Zane Grey（ ）.3. Before entering university, Zane Grey（ ）.4. After graduating from university, Zane Grey went to New York and（ ）.5. Zane Grey was able to write full time mainly because（ ）.6. It can be learned that Zane Greys first western story（ ）.问题1选项A.is still popular at the present timeB.is best known for his glorious lifeC.wrote much of his unique growthD.showed his potential at an early age问题2选项A.lived a life rather easy and carefreeB.was among those tame schoolboysC.was in bad terms with his fatherD.took a special interest in dentistry问题3选项A.played in a professional baseball teamB.showed the great potential for baseballC.tried hard to apply for a scholarshipD.began to learn undergraduate subjects问题4选项A.wrote about his frustrationsB.played in the major leaguesC.became a full-time baseball playerD.found his real interest问题5选项A.he had earned a lot of money from dentistryB.his wife agreed to work to support the familyC.his wife backed him up with a great fortuneD.he had realized the huge value to be a writer问题6选项A.was motivated by his trips to the Grand CanyonB.was based on his cross-country trip with his wifeC.depicted his trips to the Southwest part of the U.S.