2022年考博英语-湘潭大学考前模拟强化练习题（附答案详解）1. 单选题Shams and delusions are esteemed for soundest truths, while reality is fabulous. If men would steadily observe realities only, and not allow themselves to be deluded life, to compare it with such things as we know, would be like a fairy tale and the Arabian Nights Entertainments. If we respected only what is inevitable and has a right to be, music and poetry would resound along the streets. When we are unhurried and wire, we perceive that only great and worthy things have any permanent and absolute existencethat petty fears and petty pleasure are but the shadow of reality. This is always exhilarating and sublime. By closing the eyes and slumbering, by consenting to be deceived by shows, men establish and confirm their daily life of routine and habit everywhere, which still is built on purely illusory, foundation. Children, who play life, discern its tree law and relations more clearly than men, who fail to live worthily, but who think that they are wiser by experience, that is, by failure. I have read in a Hindoo book, that there was a kings son, who being expelled in infancy from his native city, was brought up by a forester, and growing up to maturity in that state, imagined himself to belong to the barbarous race with which he lived. One of his fathers ministers having discovered him, revealed to him what he was, and the misconception of his character was removed, and he knew himself to be a prince. So soul, from the circumstances in which it is placed, mistakes its own character, until the truth is revealed to it by some holy teacher, and then it knows itself to be Brahme.” We think that that is which appears to be. If a man should give us an account of the realities he beheld, we should not recognize the place in his description. Look at a meeting-house, or a court-house, or a jail, or a shop, or a dwelling-house, and say what that thing really is before a true gaze, and they would all go to piece in your account of them. Men esteem truth remote, in the outskirts of the system, behind the farthest star, before Adam and after the last man. In eternity there is indeed something true and sublime. But all these times and places and occasions are now and here. God himself culminates in the present moment, and will never be more divine in the lapse of all ages. And we are unable to apprehend at all what is sublime and noble only by file perpetual instilling and drenching of the reality that surrounds us. The universe constantly and obediently answers to our conceptions: whether we travel fast or show, the track is laid for us. Let us spend our lives in conceiving then. The poet or the artist never yet had as fair and noble a design but some of his posterity at least could accomplish it.The writers attitude toward the arts is one of（ ）.The author believes that a child（ ）.The author is primarily concerned with urging the reader to（ ）.The passage is primarily concerned with problem of （ ）.问题1选项A.admirationB.indifferenceC.suspicionD.repulsion问题2选项A.should practice what the Hindoos preach.B.frequently faces vital problems better than grownups do.C.even knows his true origin.D.is incapable to appreciating the arts.问题3选项A.look to the future for enlightenmentB.appraise the present for its tree valueC.the wisdom of the past agesD.spend more time in leisure activities问题4选项A.history and economicsB.society and populationC.biology and physicsD.theology and philosophy【答案】第1题:A第2题:B第3题:B第4题:D【解析】观点态度题。根据文章第三句“If we respected only what is inevitable and has a right to be, music and poetry would resound along the streets.” “如果我们只尊重必然的东西，尊重有权威为必然的东西，那么音乐和诗歌会重新在街上唱诵。”可知作者对于音乐和诗歌的态度是赞赏的，所以A选项“赞赏，钦佩”符合题意。细节事实题。根据文章第六句“Children, who play life, discern its tree law and relations more clearly than men, who fail to live worthily, but who think that they are wiser by experience, that is, by failure.” “嬉戏生活的儿童，更能清楚地辨明生活中真实的规律和联系，而成人们毫无意义地生活，却凭借经验（即失败）以为自己更聪明。” 可知B选项孩子通常比成人能更好地面对一些重要的问题正确。C选项“几乎对其真实出身一无所知”是对故事中的王子的描述； A 选项“孩子应当实践印度布道宣传的东西”和D选项 “难以欣赏艺术”在文中没有提及。推理判断题。A选项 “指望未来给予启迪”； B选项 “珍视目前的真正价值”； C选项 “尊重过去的智慧”； D 选项“将更多的时间花在娱乐消遣中”。根据文章倒数第四句And we are unable to apprehend at all what is sublime and noble only by file perpetual instilling and drenching of the reality that surrounds us；“我们只有长期不断地灌输和浸润在周围现实之中，才能理解什么是崇高和神圣的东西”，和文章倒数第二、三句“The universe constantly and obediently answers to our conceptions; whether we travel fast or show, the track is laid for us. Let us spend our lives in conceiving then” “不论我们的步伐快还是慢，路线己为我铺定。那就让我们的生命在体会感受中度过。”确定B选项符合题意。主旨大意题。根据文章大意可知，整篇文章旨在说明一种人生的哲学道理，并引进了一些宗教观点，所以D选项 “宗教体系和哲理”正确。2. 单选题Broadly the Englishman is a quiet, shy, reserved person who is folly（1）only among people he knows well. In the presence of strangers or foreigners he often seems inhibited,（2） embarrassed. You have only to（3） a commuter train a