动词不定式与动名词用法总结一 动词不定式作主语（1） To learn a. foreign language is not easy.主语It （形式主语） is not easy to learn a foreign language（真正主语）It takes / took me 3 hours to read EnglishIt is not difficult for us to learn a foreign languageIts kind of you to help me with my English .1 It+is+形容词（表示人的性格品质）+ of sb +to do2 It+is+形容词（表示做某事是怎么样）+ for sb +to do 注（1）当形容词表示人的性格品质时，逻辑主语由of引出，如：kind, nice， good， polite， clever， careful，careless， foolish，（2）当形容词表示做某事是怎么样时逻辑主语由for引出.如： difficult， hard ， easy， important， dangerous possible二 动 词不定式 宾 语 此种情况可按固定搭配或句式去记。want to do agree to dohope to dodecide to doprefer to do plan to dooffer to do would like to doKevin planned to visit his uncle三 动词不定式做宾语补足语tell sb + to doask sb + to dowant sb + to doorder sb + to doinvite sb + to dowarn sb + to doI tell him not to go there by bus 四 ：定 语 动词不定式做定语放在所修饰的名词 、代词的后面。例:I have a lot of work to do点击规律: 动词不定式若在句中作定语， 常放在被修饰的名词、代词之后。 提示板: 如果动词不定式和前面所修饰的词构成动宾关系， 且动词是不及物动词， 切 记不要忘掉后面的介词。如 I have a small chair to sit on（sit on the chair）There arent enough rooms to live in. （live in enough rooms）五 作 状 语A .目的状语.（ 1） I come to see you（ 2 ） He runs fast in order to get there in timeb. 原因状语: 放在 sorry， glad， surprised， disappointed，excited 等词后面。对其进行 补充说明， 作形容词补足语）如： I am glad to see you hereI am sorry to trouble you六 动词不定式表语 :放在连系动词 be 后面 （be +adj + to do）例句： His_wish / hope is to become a scientist. . My work is to clean the street . 七：“疑问词+不定式”用法不定式前可带 what，who，which，where， when， how， whose， 等疑问词， 这种不定式短 语在句中作宾语、宾语补足语、主语等。例 ： He didnt tell me where to go. （直宾）I dont know what to say now.（宾语）I dont knowwhat to do next. （宾语）He taught us how to use the computer.（宾语补足语）九 重点句型：要注意如下两个句型的用法，后面的to+V （原形）都是做状语。A. too + adj / adv + to +do . 太而不能.B + adj / adv + enough to +do 足够干 它们是简单句，还可以 so that +从句互相转换。So + adj （many/much/ little /few ）+ n （名词 ） +that +从句Such+ a/an +adj + （单数可数名词） + that +从句如此以致于（以上都是复合句）Eg:1 他是如此的年轻而不能去上学A. He is so young that he cant go to school =B He is such a young boy that he cant go to school.=C He is too young to go to school=D He isnt old enough to go to school.2）、不带to的不定式结构以下几种情况使用不带to的动词不定式：1、 why not do 或 Why dont you do 之后。2、在固定词组 had better do否定形式是 had better not do sth.例如：You had better go home now.你最好现在回家。Its cold outside. Youd better not go out.外面很冷，你最好不要出去。3、 在 let, make, see, feel, watch, hear 等感官或使役动词后,跟不带 to 的不定式作宾补 let /make/have sbdo 让某人做某事 see /watch sb do 看见某人做过某事 hear sbdo 听见某人做过某事感官动词see, watch, notice, hear, feel后 既可+to do,也可跟v-ing作宾补，see/ hear do 看见/听见某人做过某事 （前者表示动作的全部过程已结束）； see /hear sb doing 看见/听见某人正做过某事 （后者表示动作正在进行） 十 ：动名词like/love +doing 喜欢做某事be busy + doing 忙于做某事practice +doing 练习做某事cant help +doing 情不自禁做某事keep +doing 一直做某事be worth doing值得去做某事finish +doing 完成做某事spendin doing sth花时间去做某事enjoy + doing 喜欢做某事feel like + doing想要做某事mind +doing 介意做某事find sb doing发现某人在做某事hate doing 憎恨做某事imagine doing 想象做某事avoid doing 避免做某事go swimming 去游泳prefer doing to doing 喜欢前者胜于后者 have fun （有乐趣的doing sth十一一介词后+doingbe good at +doing 擅长做某事do well in +doing擅长做某事what /how about +doing 做某事怎么样 give up +doing放弃做某事thanks for +doing 因做某事而感谢 be interested in+doing 对某事感兴趣 stop sb from +doing 阻止某人去做某事 make a contribution to+doing为做贡献look forward to +doing 盼望做某事give ones life to doing 献身于做某事十二：动词不定式作宾语的注意事项（2 点）A : He finds it very difficult to get to sleep.他发现很难入睡主语+动词+it+ （形容词、名词）+不定式Sb find it + adj +to do 某人发现做某事是怎么样B 有些动词既可跟不定式作宾语，也可跟动名词作宾语，但含义不同:forget to do 忘记去做某事 forget doing 忘记曾经做过某事 stop + doing 停止正在做的事 stop +to do 停下来去做另一件事 hate doing 讨厌去做某事 hate to do 不愿去做某事remember to do 记住去做某事； remember doing 记得曾经做过某事 go on + doing 继续做同一事 go on to do 继续做某事（前后是两件事） like doing 喜欢做某事（指兴趣爱好） like to do 偶尔喜欢去做某事 （人）need to do某人需要去做某事（物）need doing某物需要被. begin /start /continue to do /doing 开始做某事十三、巩固练习()1. The weather is very cold. Wed -keep the door open.A. better not to B. not better C. not better to D. better not()2. Will you please me your maths book for the afternoon?A. leadingB. lend C. to lendD. borrowD. be getting catch up with.()3. He has got used to early.A. getting up B. get up C. be gotten up () 4. He walked fast for us A. so, that B. such, that C. enough, to D. too, to()5. It is to work out this problem. You neednt go to the teacher.A. enough easy B.easily enough C. easy, enough D. very easily()6. Every day I spend two hours my homework.A.finishing to doB.finishing doingC. to finish to doD. to finish doing()7. Lin Tao cant be at home. I saw him here a few minutes ago.A. plays B. to play C. playing D. played()8. Wed better on the road.,or A car may hit us.A. not to play B. not play C. to not play D. dont play() 9.-When can I go out to play football, Mum?-Finish your homework first, or I wont let you .A. to go out B. go ou