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初一英语语法,时态专题复习一、一般现在时:(1、现在的状态。2、经常或习惯性动作。3、主语所具备的性格和能力。4、真理。1、标志:often(经常),usually(通常),sometimes(有时),always(总是),never(从不),on Sundays(在星期天)every day/month/year(每一天/月/年)2、结构:(1)主语+连系动词be(am/is/are)+名词/形容词/数词/介词短语/副词等做表语表状态(包括There be +n.)练习:1.I_(be) a student. My name_(be) Tom. 2. Where _(be) my shoes? They_(be) here.3.Who _(be) the girl with long straight hair? I think she _(be) Kate. 4. You and I _(not be) in Class Six.5._(be) there a supermarket on the Fifth Avenue? Yes, there_(be). 6. _ her parent tall? No, he_.(2)主语(非第三人称单数)+行为动词原形+其他 (用助动词do 帮助构成否定句、一般疑问句和特殊疑问)(3)主语(第三人称单数)+行为动词的第三人称单数+其他(用助动词does 帮助构成否定句、一般疑问句和特殊疑问句)行为动词第三人称单数加-s的形式1.- s 2. 辅音+y: study-studies 3.以s,x,ch,sh结尾watch-watches teach-teaches4特殊have-has do-does go-goes.1)His parents _(watch) TV every night. 肯定句 1) My brother _(do) homework every day. 2)His parents _(not watch) every night.否定句2)My brother_(not do)homework every day. 3)_his parents_(watch) TV every night?一般疑3)_ your brother _ homework every day?Yes, they _. No, they _. Yes, he_. No, he _. 4)When_ his parents _(watch) TV? 特疑 4)When _ your brother _(do) homework? They watch TV every night. He does homework every day. 二现在进行时:表示说话瞬间或现阶段正在进行的动作。1、标志: now(现在)listen(看)look(听)at the moment(此刻)2、结构:主语+助动词be(am/is/are)+行为动词的现在分词(doing)现在分词的构成:1.-ing: eat-eating,sing-singing 2.辅音字母+e: take-taking 3. sit, put, begin, run, swim, stop, get, shop,get(双写最后一个辅音字母,再加ing.)4、特殊变化:lie-lying,die-dying练习:1. Jim _(take) photos in the park now. 2. Jim_(not take) in the park now. 3. _Jim_(take) photos in the park now? Yes, he _. No, he _. 4. Where _Jim _ photos now? In the park. 1.我们正在吃晚餐。 2、我们每天6点起床。 We _. We _ at six every day.3你们在聊天吗?是的。 4、他们常常聊天吗?不是。 _ they _? Yes, they _. _ they often _ ? No, they _.5、他在做什么?他在做作业。 6、他晚上常干什么?他常做作业。 What _he _? He_. What _he usually _ in the evening? He usually_.答案: 1.are having dinner 2. get up 3. Are , talking , are 4. Do , talk, dont 5. is doing, is doing homework 6. does, do, does , homework综合练习:1.Mr Green _(be) a worker. Now he _(work) in the field. 2.Listen! Who_(sing)?3.What time _ your brother usually _(do) his homework? 4.You can_(come) here by bus.5. Who _(have) a ruler? 6.Are they_(clean) the room? 7.-_ you_(eat) dinner? Yes, we are.8.Jack _(have) a soccer ball, but he _(not have) a basketball. 9._Jim _(like)_(run)?10.They _(be) from Canada. They_(not speak) Chinese. 11. He wants _(be) tall.三一般过去时态:英语中表示过去某时发生的动作或情况的时态是一般过去时。 1、标志: yesterday(昨天)、 two days ago(两天前 )、 last year(去年)、 the other day(前几天)、once upon a time(很久以前)、 just now(刚才)、in the old days(过去的日子里)、before liberation(解放前)、 When I was 8 years old(当我八岁时)、at+一个时间点 2.、表现形式:动词过去式(规则变化和不规则变化两种) 3、规则变化:(1)一般情况+ed ,如pulled visited(2)以不发音e字母结尾的单词+d,如liked, danced(3)以辅音字母y结尾去y变ied,worried,studied(4)重读闭音节结尾的单词,末尾只有一个辅音字母双写词尾字母+ed,stopped,shopped 4.不规则变化参考不规则动词表5、练习: He a student.他曾是一名学生。否定句 He a student.一般疑问句 he a student? 肯定回答 , .否定回答 , . They had a meeting last night.他们昨晚开了一个会。 否定句They a meeting last night. 一般疑问句 they a meeting last night? 肯定回答 , .否定回答 , . 提问: they last night?四冠词:英语中冠词分为定冠词(the)、不定冠词(a/an)和零冠词(不用冠词)1.a用于辅音音素(不是辅音字母)前;an用于元音音素(不是元音字母)前。如,An hour ago, an honest man accepted an honorable task In a university, a European and a one-eyed man walk along a one-way road with a usual tool. This is a usual thing.2.定冠词the的用法:定冠词the与指示代词this,that同源,有“那(这)个”的意思,但较弱,可以和一个名词连用,来表示某个或某些特定的人或东西。(上文提到过的人或事;指世界上独一无二的事物;用在序数词和形容词最高级,形容词等前面;乐器的名词前;用在惯用语中;姓氏的复数名词之前表示一家人专有名词前等等)例如the sun,the rich 富人,on the second floor,the United States 美国play the piano,the Greens 格林一家人(或格林夫妇)in the day,在白天 3.通常我们在三类名词前不带冠词:复数可数名词、不可数名词和专有名词。但是,用来指特定的事物时,the可以出现在复数名词和不可数名词前面。Girls like shopping when they are free. 女孩总是喜欢在空闲的时候购物Rice is very important to our country. China is a big country.1. He has already worked for _ hour. A. the B. an C. a D. 不填 2. Alice is fond of playing _ piano. A. the B. an C. a D. 不填 五数词:基数词和序数词(一). 基数词.1.基数词的读法. 1)1-12 : one two three four five six seven eight nine ten eleven twelve 2)13-19: 词尾加-teen :thirteen fourteen fifteen sixteen seventeen eighteen nineteen 3)20,30,40,50,60,70,80,90 : 逢十词尾加-ty :twenty thirty forty fifty sixty seventy eighty ninety 4)21-99: 在十位与个
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