2022年考博英语-吉林大学考前拔高综合测试题（含答案带详解）1. 单选题Although he is in his fifties, his（ ） arms are as powerful as those of a young man.问题1选项A.energeticB.giganticC.muscularD.effective【答案】C【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。energetic “精力充沛的”；gigantic “巨大的，庞大的”；muscular“肌肉的，强健的”；effective“有效的”。句意：尽管他已经五十多岁了，他充满肌肉的手臂像年轻人一样充满力量。选项C符合题意。2. 单选题When the family gathered to discuss financial matters, father started （ ）, by saying that it was absolutely necessary to set aside some money each month, for in an emergency we could use it.问题1选项A.offB.throughC.awayD./【答案】A【解析】考查固定搭配。start off by doing sth. 选项A符合题意。3. 单选题The doctors dont （ ） that the patient will live much longer.问题1选项A.monitorB.manifestC.articulateD.anticipate【答案】D【解析】考查动词词义辨析。monitor “监督，监控”；manifest “显示，表明”；articulate “发音”；anticipate “预期，预计”。句意：医生预计患者不会活更长。选项D符合题意。4. 单选题The management should give （ ）to the workers,safety operation over every other consideration.问题1选项A.precedenceB.coherenceC.affluenceD.coincidence【答案】A【解析】考查名词词义辨析。precedence “优先”；coherence “一致，连贯性”；affluence “富裕，丰富”；coincidence “巧合”。根据句意“工人的安全操作问题”应该是管理层优先考虑的问题，所以选项A符合题意。5. 单选题For years, doctors advised their patients that the only thing taking multivitamins does is give them extensive urine (尿).After all, true vitamin deficiencies are practically unheard of in industrialized countries. Now it seems that those doctors may have been wrong. The results of a growing number of studies suggest that even a modest vitamin shortfall can be harmful to your health. Although proof of the benefits of multivitamins is still far from certain, the few dollars you spend on them is probably a good investment.Or at least thats the argument put forward in the New England Journal of Medicine. Ideally, said Dr. Walter Willett and Dr. Meir Stampfer of Harvard, all vitamin supplements would be evaluated in scientifically rigorous clinical trials. But those studies can take a long time and often raise more questions than they answer. At some point, while researchers work on figuring out where the truth lies, it just makes sense to say the potential benefit outweighs the cost.The best evidence to date concerns folate （叶酸）,one of the B vitamins. Its been proved to limit the number of defects in embryos （胚胎）,and a recent trial found that folate in combination with vitamin B12 and a form of B6 also decreases the re-blockage of arteries after surgical repair.The news on vitamin E has been more mixed. Healthy folks who take 400 international units daily for at least two years appear somewhat less likely to develop heart disease. But when doctors give vitamin E to patients who already have heart disease, the vitamin doesnt seem to help. It may turn out that vitamin E plays a role in prevention but cannot undo serious damage.Despite vitamin Cs great popularity, consuming large amounts of it still has not been positively linked to any great benefit. The body quickly becomes saturated with C and simply excretes （排泄）any excess.The multivitamins question boils down to this： Do you need to wait until all the evidence is in before you take them, or are you willing to accept that theres enough evidence that they dont hurt and could help?If the latter, theres no need to go to extremes and buy the biggest horse pills or the most expensive bottles. Large doses can cause trouble, including excessive bleeding and nervous system problems.Multivitamins are no substitute for exercise and a balanced diet, of course. As long as you understand that any potential benefit is modest and subject to further refinement, taking a daily multivitamin makes a lot of sense.1.At one time doctors discouraged taking multivitamins because they believed that multivitamins2.According to the author, clinical trials of vitamin supplements （ ）3.It has been found that vitamin E（ ） .4.It can be seen that large doses of multivitamins （ ）.5.The author concludes the passage with the advice that（ ） .问题1选项A.could not easily be absorbed by the human bodyB.were potentially harmful to peoples healthC.were too expensive for daily consumptionD.could not provide any cure for vitamin deficiencies问题2选项A.often result in misleading conclusionsB.take time and will not produce conclusive resultsC.should be conducted by scientists on a larger scaleD.appear to be a sheer waste of time and resources问题3选项A.should be taken by patients regularly and persistentlyB.can effectively reduce the recurrence of heart diseaseC.has a preventive but not curative effect on heart diseaseD.should be given to patients with heart disease as early as possible问题4选项A.may bring about serious side effectsB.may help prevent excessive bleedingC.are likely to induce the blockage of arteriesD.are advisable for those with vitamin deficiencie