2022年考博英语-复旦大学考试题库（难点、易错点剖析）附答案有详解1. 单选题The clash between Real Madrid and Arsenal is being（ ） as the match of the season.问题1选项A.harbingerB.alluredC.congestedD.lodged【答案】A【解析】考查动词词义辨析。harbinger“先驱，预兆”；allured“引诱；诱惑”；congested“充塞，充满”；lodge“寄宿，临时住宿”。句意：皇家马德里和阿森纳之间的冲突是这个赛季的前奏。选项A符合题意。2. 单选题The young man was at the_ of his career when he was killed in a car accident.问题1选项A.zenithB.glamourC.bloomD.blossom【答案】A【解析】考查名词词义辨析。zenith“鼎盛时期”；glamour“魅力”；bloom“开花”；blossom“开花期”。句意：这个年轻人处在事业鼎盛时期，当他死于一场交通事故的时候。选项A符合题意。3. 填空题One of the major differences between man and his closest living relative is, of course, that the chimpanzee has not developed the power of speech. Even the most intensive efforts to teach young chomps to talk have met with （1） no success. Verbal Language represent a truly gigantic stop forward in mans （2）.Chimpanzees do have a wide range of calls, and these certainly serve to convey some types of information. When a chimp finds good food he utters loud barks, other chimps （3） the vicinity instantly become aware of the food source and hurry to join in an attacked chimpanzee screams and this may alert his mother or friend, either of （4） may hurry to his aid. A chimpanzee confronted with an alarming and potentially dangerous situation utters his spine-chilling wraaaa-again, other chimps may hurry to the spot to see what is happening. A male chimpanzee, about to enter a valley or charge toward a food source, utters his pant-hoots and their individuals realize that another member of the group is arriving and can identify（5）one. To our human（6）each chimpanzee is characterized more by his pant-hoots than by any other type of call. This is significant since the pant-hoot in particular is the call that serves to maintain contact between the separated groups of the community. Yet the chimps （7） can certainly recognize individuals by other calls; for instance, a mother knows the scream of her offspring. Probably a chimpanzee can recognize the calls of most of his acquaintances.While chimpanzee calls（8） serve to convey basic information about some situations and individuals. They cannot for the most part be compared（9） a spoken language. Man by means of words can communicate abstract ideas; he can benefit from the experiences of their （10） having to be present at the time; he can make intelligent cooperative plans.【答案】1.almost2.evolution3.in4.whom5.which6.ears7.themselves8.do9.to10.without【解析】1.考查句子结构。从句子结构进行分析，可知此处需要填写一个程度副词，almost“几乎”符合题意。句意：即使是集中训练教小猩猩说话也几乎没有成功过。2.考查前后逻辑。前文提到教猩猩说话没有成功，说明语言这项技能只有人类掌握了。句意：话语行为在人类演变史上迈出了重要的一步。空格处填evolution“演变，进化”。3.考查固定搭配。in the vicinity“邻近，在附近”。4.考查指示代词。从前文推断出空格处应该填一个代词，根据前面的mother or friend可知空格处的代词是指代人，所以whom符合题意。5.考查指代代词。句意：如果一只雄性黑猩猩试图进入山谷或者抢夺食物，它会发出吼叫声，其他猩猩就会意识到有其他猩猩入侵，并且能辨别出是哪一只。which符合题意。6.考查前后逻辑。根据句子by his pant-hoots than by any other type of call可知空格处应该填写一个与听力有关的词，所以ears符合题意。7.考查反身代词。通过分析句子，可知空格处应该填写一个反身代词，themselves符合题意。8.考查助动词的用法。空格处应该填入一个表强调的词，do符合题意。9.考查固定搭配。be compared to“比作”。10.考查前后逻辑。句意：人类通过语言可以交流抽象的概念，可以从他人的经历中获益，而不需要自己亲身经历。空格处填without符合题意。4. 单选题She said that the treatment she had received in the hospital has completely（ ） her as her dignity.问题1选项A.thrivedB.suspendedC.deprivedD.contrived【答案】C【解析】考查动词辨析。thrive “繁荣”；suspend “延缓，推迟”；deprive “使丧失，剥夺”；contrive “设计，发明”。句意：她说在医院接受的治疗完全剥夺了她的尊严。选项C符合题意。5. 单选题Employees knew from the very（ ）that their jobs would finish this year.问题1选项A.upshotB.outbreakC.outcomeD.outset【答案】D【解析】考查形似词词义辨析。upshot“结局，结果”；outbreak“（战争的）爆发”；outcome“结果，结局”；outset“开始，开端”。句意：员工从开始就知道他们的工作今年就会结束。选项D符合题意。6. 单选题（ ） down than the telephone rang.问题1选项A.Not until I layB.No sooner had I lainC.Hardly had I lainD.Scarcely did I lie【答案】B【解析】考查倒装句。lie “躺；位于”，其过去式、过去分词、现在分词分别是：lay, lain, lying； lay “放，搁，下蛋”，其过去式、过去分词、现在分词分别是：laid, laid, laying。句意：我刚躺下，电话就响了。No sonnerthan为固定句式，且前半句需要部分倒装，所以选项B符合题意。7. 单选题In her bright yellow coat, she was easily（ ） in the crowed.问题1选项A.accessibleB.identifiableC.negligibleD.incredible【答案】B【解析】考查形容词辨析。accessible “易接近的，可进入的”； identifiable “可辨认的，可认明的”；negligible “微不足道的，可以忽略的”； incredible “难以置信的，惊人的”。句意：她穿着亮黄色的外套，在人群中很容易被认出来。选项B符合题意。8. 单选题Centuries of wind and rain had worn away the（ ）on the gravestones.问题1选项A.descriptionsB.prescriptionsC.inscriptionsD.conscriptions【答案】C【解析】考查名词词义辨析。description“描述，描写”；prescription“药方；指示”；inscription“题词，铭文”；conscription“征兵，征用”。句意：几百年的风风雨雨早已把墓碑上的铭文侵蚀掉了。选项C符合题意。9. 单选题Fear showed in the eyes of the young man, while the old man looked tired and（ ）.问题1选项A.wateryB.wanderingC.wearyD.wearing【答案】C【解析】考查形似词词义辨析。watery“水的，湿的”；wandering“徘徊的，流浪的”；weary“疲倦的，疲劳的”；wearing“磨损的，令人厌倦的”。句意：当那位老人看起来非常疲惫时，这位年轻人眼中露出