2022年考博英语-华东交通大学考试题库及全真模拟冲刺卷（附答案带详解）1. 单选题Technological developments（ ）new skills in many industries，leaving those workers with outdated skills out of work.问题1选项A.necessitateB.associateC.negotiateD.differentiate【答案】A【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项necessitate“使成为必要，需要”，B选项associate“联想，联系”，C选项negotiate“谈判，商议”，D选项differentiate“区分，使有差别”。句意：技术的发展使许多行业产生了新技能，使那些拥有过时技能的工人失业。因此，A选项符合句意。2. 单选题He wrote an article criticizing the Greek poet and won（ ）and a scholarship.问题1选项A.faithB.statusC.fameD.courage【答案】C【解析】考查名词词义辨析。A选项faith“信念”；B选项status“地位”；C选项fame“名声”；D选项courage“勇气”。句意：他写了一篇批评希腊诗人的文章，从而赢得了名声和奖学金。本句表示获得了名气，因此C选项正确。3. 单选题It is hardly necessary for me to cite all the evidence of the depressing state of literacy. These figures from the Department of Education are sufficient: 27 million Americans cannot read at all, and a further 35 million read at a level that is less than sufficient to survive in our society.But my own worry today is less that of the overwhelming problem of elemental literacy than it is of the slightly more luxurious problem of the decline in the skill even of the middle-class reader, of his unwillingness to afford those spaces of silence, those luxuries of domesticity and time and concentration, that surround the image of the classic act of reading. It has been suggested that almost 80 percent of Americas literate, educated teenagers can no longer read without an accompanying noise (music) in the background or a television screen flickering at the corner of their field of perception. We know very little about the brain and how it deals with simultaneous conflicting input, but every common-sense intuition suggests we should be profoundly alarmed. This violation of concentration, silence, solitude goes to the very heart of our notion of literacy; this new form of part-reading, of part-perception against background distraction, renders impossible certain essential acts of apprehension and concentration, let alone that most important tribute any human being can pay to a poem or a piece of prose he or she really loves, which is to learn it by heart. Not by brain, by heart; the expression is vital.Under these circumstances, the question of what future there is for the arts of reading is a real one. Ahead of us lie technical, psychic, and social transformations probably much more dramatic than those brought about by Gutenberg, the German inventor in printing. The Gutenberg revolution, as we now know it, took a long time; its effects are still being debated. The information revolution will touch every fact of composition, publication, distribution, and reading. No one in the book industry can say with any confidence what will happen to the book as weve known it.1. The picture of the reading ability of the American people, drawn by the author, is（ ）.2.The authors biggest concern is（ ）.3.A major problem with most adolescents who can read is（ ）.4.The author claims that the best way a reader can show admiration for a piece of poetry or prose is（ ）.5.About the future of the arts of reading the author feels（ ）.问题1选项A.quite encouragingB.fairly brightC.very impressiveD.rather bleak问题2选项A.the reading ability and reading behavior of the middle classB.the surprisingly low rate of literacy in the U.S.C.the musical setting American readers require for readingD.elementary school childrens disinterest in reading classics问题3选项A.their fondness of music and TV programsB.their lack of attentiveness and basic understandingC.their ignorance of various forms of art and literatureD.their inability to focus on conflicting input问题4选项A.to make a fair appraisal of its artistic valueB.to analyze its essential featuresC.to think it over conscientiouslyD.to be able to appreciate it and memorize it问题5选项A.upsetB.uncertainC.alarmedD.pessimistic【答案】第1题:D第2题:A第3题:B第4题:D第5题:B【解析】1.细节事实题。题目问的是：作者所描绘的美国人的阅读能力是怎样的？根据原文第一段的首句It is hardly necessary for me to cite all the evidence of the depressing state of literacy.（我几乎没有必要列举所有令人沮丧的人们的识字状况）。由此可知，D选项“相当凄凉”符合题意。2.细节事实题。题目问的是：作者最关心的是？根据原文第二段的首句But my own worry today is less that of the overwhelming problem of elemental literacy than it is of the slightly more luxurious problem of the decline in the skill even of the middle-class reader, of his unwillingness to afford those spaces of silence, those luxuries of domesticity and time and concentration, that surround the image of the classic act of reading.（但我今天担心的与其说是基本识字这个压倒性的问题，不如说是一个更为奢侈的问题，即美国中产阶层读者阅读技能的衰退，他们不愿意在安静的地方，牺牲难得在家的时间，集中注意力用以读书，而这些与经典阅读行为息息相关），由此可知A选项“中产阶级的阅读能力与阅读行为”符合题意。3.细节事实题。题目问的是：大多数识字青少年最主要的一个问题是？根据原文第二段中的It has been suggested that almost 80 percent of Americas literate, educated teenagers can no longer read without an accompanying noise (music) in the background or a television screen flickering at the corner