2022年考博英语-南昌大学考前拔高综合测试题（含答案带详解）1. 单选题Animals that could not themselves to the changed environment perished and those that could survived.问题1选项A.conformB.adaptC.modifyD.conform【答案】B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。conform “使遵守，使一致”；adapt “适应”；modify “修改”；conform “符合，遵照”。句意：不能适应环境变化的动物灭绝了，而那些能适应的存活了下来。选项B符合题意。2. 单选题Though he wheedled and threatened, she didnt any details of the plan.问题1选项A.give offB.give awayC.give overD.give up【答案】B【解析】考查词组辨析。give off “发出（光）等”；give away “赠送，丧失；泄露”；give over “停止；交出”；give up “放弃；交出”。句意：尽管他时而甜言蜜语，时而威胁，她没有透露计划的任何细节。3. 单选题It is reported that the government is going to impose a tax on fuels which _ global warming.问题1选项A.attribute toB.tribute toC.contribute toD.relate to【答案】A【解析】考查词组辨析。attribute to “把归因于”；tribute to “向致敬”；contribute to “有助于”；relate to “涉及，有关”。句意：据报道，由于全球变暖，政府将征收燃料税。选项A符合题意。4. 单选题Vostok is close to the coldest spot in the world, where an _ minus 128.6 F was recorded in 1983.问题1选项A.unreliableB.extraC.impossibleD.incredible【答案】D【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。unreliable “不可靠的，靠不住的”；extra “额外的”；impossible “不可能的”；incredible “难以置信的”。句意：Vostok靠近世界上最冷的地方，在1983年的记录中到达了难以置信的零下128.6华摄氏度。选项D符合题意。5. 单选题Of recent inventions, it is perhaps the motor car which has our lives more than anything else.问题1选项A.transformedB.transmittedC.transferredD.transplanted【答案】A【解析】考查动词词义辨析。transformed “转变”；transmitted “传输”；transferred “转移”； transplanted “移植”。句意：在最近的发明中，也许汽车比其他任何东西都更能改变我们的生活。选项A符合题意。6. 翻译题世界发展还很不平衡、贫穷和饥荒仍然在一些落后地区肆虐。环境污染、毒品走私、跨国犯罪、严重传染性疾病等跨国问题日益突出。人类实现和平和共同发展的理想还任重道远。【答案】The benefit of development spread rather unevenly in the world as poverty and hunger ravage no a few countries. Many cross-boundary problems such as environmental pollution, drug trafficking, transnational crimes and deadly communicable disease have become more salient. All this has made our road toward universal peace and common development a bumpy and challenging one.7. 单选题An astonishing fact that the murderer of the general manager was his own brother.问题1选项A.came outB.found outC.exposedD.came to light【答案】C【解析】考查动词词义辨析。Come out “出现；出版”；find out “找出”；expose “揭露，揭发”；come to light “暴露，真相大白”。句意：一个惊人的事实被揭露：杀害总经理的凶手竟然是他的兄弟。选项C符合题意。8. 单选题Geoffrey had been completely exhausted but felt considerably after a meal and a good rest.问题1选项A.refreshedB.renewedC.regainedD.reshaped【答案】A【解析】考查动词词义辨析。Refresh “使恢复”；renew “使更新”；regain “恢复”；reshape “改造”。句意：杰弗里已经完全筋疲力尽了，但在吃了一顿饭并好好休息了之后，他重新恢复神气。选项A符合题意。9. 单选题Design of all the new tools and implements is based on careful experiments with electronic instruments. First, a human “guinea pig” is tested using a regular tool. Measurements are taken of the amount of work done, and the buildup of heat in the body. Twisted joints and stretched muscles cannot perform as well, it has been found, as joints and muscles in their normal positions. The same person is then tested again, using a tool designed according to the suggestions made by Dr. Tichauer. All these tests have shown the great improvement of the new designs over the old.One of the electronic instruments used by Dr. Tichauer, the myograph, makes visible through electrical signals the work done by human muscle.Another machine measures any dangerous features of tools, thus proving information upon which to base a new design. One conclusion of tests made with this machine is that a tripod stepladder is more stable and safer to use than one with four legs.This work has attracted the attention of efficiency experts and time-and-motion-study engineer, but its value goes far beyond that. Dr. Tichauers first thought is for the health of the tool user. With the repeated use of the same tool all day long on production lines and in other jobs, even light manual work can put a heavy stress on one small area of the body. In time, such stress can cause a disabling disease. Furthermore, muscle fatigue is a serious safety hazard.Efficiency is the by-product of comfort, Dr. Tichauer believes, and his new designs fortraditional tools have proved his point.1. What are involved in the design of a new tool according to the passage?2. From the passage we know that joints and muscles perform best when .3. A “myograph” (Para. A.2, Line 1) is an electronic instrument that .4. It can be inferred from the passage that .5. Dr. Tichauer started his experiments initially to .问题1选项A.Electronic instruments and a regular toolB.A human “guinea pig” and a regular toolC.Electronic instruments and a human “guinea pig”D.Electronic instruments, a human “guinea pig” and a regular tool问题2选项A.they are twisted and stretchedB.they are in their normal positionsC.they are tested with a human “guinea