2022年考博英语-华南师范大学考试题库（难点、易错点剖析）附答案有详解1. 单选题A Dictionary of the English Language,（ ）by Dr. Samuel Johnson, was the first real attempt as a systematic and interestingly written survey of English usage.问题1选项A.constructedB.composedC.compiledD.collected【答案】C【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A: construct “构造，建造；创立”；B: compose “构成；写作”；C: compile“编辑”；D: collect“收集；募捐”。句意：英语词典是由塞缪尔约翰逊博士编译的，是第一次真正作为一个系统且有趣的书面研究英语的尝试。结合语境，此处表示编辑英语词典，故C为正确答案。2. 单选题Her generosity is one of her most pleasing（ ）.问题1选项A.characteristicsB.attributesC.traitsD.peculiarity【答案】C【解析】考查名词词义辨析。A: characteristics “特性，特征” ；B: attributes “属性；特性”；C: traits “人的个性， 显著的特点”；D: peculiarity “特性；特质”。句意：为人慷慨是她最讨人欢喜的个性。结合此处语境，C为正确答案。3. 单选题The fact that the golden eagle usually builds its nest on some high cliffs（ ）it almost impossible to obtain the eggs or the young birds.问题1选项A.rendersB.reckonsC.regardsD.relates【答案】A【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A选项 render “致使”；B选项 reckon “计算；认为，把看作”；C选项 regard “看待，认为”；D选项 relate “有联系，连接”。句意：金雕通常将巢筑在高高的悬崖上，这一事实使得获取鸟蛋或小鸟几乎不可能。结合句意，可知A选项正确。4. 填空题Fill each of the numbered blanks in the following passage with one suitable word.From the beginning, water has furnished man with a source of food and a highway to travel upon. The first arose（1）water was a dominant element in the environment, a challenge（2）mans ingenuity. The Egyptians invented the 365（3）. calendar in response（4）the Niles annual flooding. The Babylonians, who were among （5）most famous law-makers（6）antiquity, devised edicts regulating water usage. Water inspired the Chinese （7）build a 1,000 mile canal, a complex system（8）, after nearly 2,500 years, （9）still partly in use and still commands the awe of engineers. But the ancients never found complete solutions（10）their water problems. The Hwang Ho, or Yellow River is also known（11）Chinas Sorrow; it is so erratic and dangerous（12）in a single flood it has caused million deaths. Floods hazarded the great civilization of the Indus River valley, and inadequate drainage ruined much（13）its lanD.Today（14）dominates man as it always has（15）.Its presence continues to govern the location of his homes and cities; its tempestuous variability can kill（16）or his herds or his crops; its routes link him to（17）fellows; its immense value may add（18）. already dangerous political conflicts. There are many examples（19）this in our（20）time.【答案】1.where2.to3.day4.to5.the6.in7.to8.which9.remains10.to11.as12.that13.of14.water15.done16.man17.his18.his19.of20.own【解析】1.考查状语从句。此处大意为：第一次发生在水在环境中占主导地位的地方。空格前是动词，空格后为一个句子，结合句意和语境得知正确答案为where。2.考查固定搭配。a challenge to. “对的挑战”。3.考查固定搭配。由空格前“365”和空格后“calendar日历”可知应该填入day。4.考查固定搭配。in response to“对做出反应”。5.考查最高级。most修饰形容词表示最高级，和the搭配。6.考查介词。根据关键词“antiquity古代”，以及空格前为完整句子，因此填入in，表示时间。7.考查介词。介词to与后文动词构成不定式，空格前是完整的主谓宾结构。8.考查定语从句。空格前是名词结构，空格后是缺乏主语的句子，结合语境，填入which构成定语从句。9.考查动词。根据语法结构，由and并列，此处应是与commands构成并列谓语动词，根据后文still partly in use可知此处最佳答案为remains。10.考查固定搭配。solution to“解决的办法/方法”。11.考查固定搭配。be known as“被称之为”。12.考查固定搭配so.that. “如此以致于”。13.考查词组。much of “大量，许多的”。14.考查名词。根据上下文，此处大意为：水一如既往地控制着人类。15.考查现在完成时。此处大意为：水一如既往地控制着人类。根据句意和语境可知，应填入done。16.考查名词。根据后文的or和his可知应填入man。17.考查代词，根据前文提到his herds or his crops判断出此处填入his。18.考查词组。add to“增加，加强”。19.考查介词。前文example和后文this表示所属，因此填of。20.考查代词/形容词。根据空格前后关键词in our.time，以及句意：我们自己的时代，可知此处填own “自己的；特有的”。5. 单选题The politician is shrewd and deep; he was（ ）seldom on what he expected others to do for him.问题1选项A.transparentB.explicitC.prominentD.conspicuous【答案】B【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。A: transparent “透明的”；B: explicit “明确的；直言的”；C: prominent “突出的，显著地”；D: conspicuous “显著的”。句意：这位政治家相当精明，城府深，他很少明确表示希望其他人能为他做些什么。根据句意，B项最符合。6. 单选题By evacuating the inhabitants in the densely populated areas of the city and establishing temporary shelters, the city（ ）itself for a possible new quake.问题1选项A.boltedB.bracedC.reinforcedD.strapped【答案】B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A: bolt “筛选；拴上；脱口而出”；B: brace“支撑；预备；准备”；C: reinforce“加固；强化；增援”；D: strap“用带捆扎；用皮带抽打”。 句意：通过疏散该城市人口密集区域的居民，建立临时庇护所，全城做了可能再发生一场地震的防备。根据语境和句意可知B为正确答案。7. 单选题On many issues John and Mary found themselves seriously（ ）.问题1选项A.at oddsB.at randomC.at intervalsD.at haphazard【答案】A【解析】考查词组。A: at odds “争执；不一致” ；B: at random “随机地”；C: at intervals “不时”；D: at haphazard “偶然地”。句意：约翰和玛丽发现他们自己在许多问题上不一致。根据句意，A为正确答案。8. 单选题Im（ ）on going to that flower show. I believe there are some specimens of Caration that Im interested in.问题1选项A.keenB.acuteC.shrewdD.enthusiastic【答案】A【解析】考查固定搭配。be keen on doing sth.表示“渴望;热切;热衷于”。句意：我非常想要去看花展，我相信有一些我感兴趣的标本。结合句意，A为正确答案。9. 单选题Venice（ ）as the major sea power of the Mediterranean during the Middle Ages, which was even mentioned by some writers, such as Shakespeare, Marlowe, etc.问题1选项A.prevailed