2022年考博英语-西安电子科技大学考试内容及全真模拟冲刺卷（附带答案与详解）1. 单选题Packing all the goods will take _ days.问题1选项A.another tenB.other tenC.the ten moreD.the other ten【答案】A【解析】【选项释义】A. another ten 另十天 B. other ten 另十天C. the ten more 另十天 D. the other ten 另十天【答案】A【考查点】语法结构。【解题思路】句意：包装所有货物需要天。根据选项可知，这里指包装货物还需要另外十天。another ten days表示另外十天，another用作形容词的基本意思是“另一个的”符合语法结构。因此选A。【干扰项排除】other用在the或形容词性物主代词之后时，与单数名词连用表示“(两个中的)另一个”这里指另一个十天，因此不能用other，所以排除B、D选项；在本句中ten days为一个整体，不能将其拆开，因此不能选C。【句意】把所有货物装箱还要花10天时间。2. 单选题Since the dawn of human ingenuity, people have devised ever more cunning tools to cope with work that is dangerous, boring, burdensome, or just plain nasty. That compulsion has resulted in roboticsthe science of conferring various human capabilities on machines. And if scientists have yet to create the mechanical version of science fiction, they have begun to come close.As a result, the modern world is increasingly populated by intelligent gizmos whose presence we barely notice but whose universal existence has removed much human labor. Our factories hum to the rhythm of robot assembly arms. Our banking is done at automated teller terminals that thank us with mechanical politeness for the transaction. Our subway trains are controlled by tireless robot-drivers. And thanks to the continual miniaturization of electronics and micro-mechanics, there are already robot systems that can perform some kinds of brain and bone surgery with submillimeter accuracyfar greater precision than highly skilled physicians can achieve with their hands alone.But if robots are to reach the next stage of laborsaving utility, they will have to operate with less human supervision and be able to make at least a few decisions for themselvesgoals that pose a real challenge. “While we know how to tell a robot to handle a specific error,” says Dave Lavery, manager of a robotics program at NASA, “we cant yet give a robot enough common sense to reliably interact with a dynamic world.”Indeed the quest for true artificial intelligence has produced very mixed results. Despite a spell of initial optimism in the 1960s and 1970s when it appeared that transistor circuits and microprocessors might be able to copy the action of the human brain by the year 2010, researchers lately have begun to extend that forecast by decades if not centuries.What they found, in attempting to model thought, is that the human brains roughly one hundred billion nerve cells are much more talented-and human perception far more complicatedthan previously imagined. They have built robots that can recognize the error of a machine panel by a fraction of a millimeter in a controlled factory environment. But the human mind can glimpse a rapidly changing scene and immediately disregard the 98 percent that is irrelevant, instantaneously focusing on the monkey at the side of a winding forest road or the single suspicious face in a big crowd. The most advanced computer systems on Earth cant approach that kind of ability, and neuroscientists still dont know quite how we do it.1. Human ingenuity was initially demonstrated in _.2. The word “gizmos” (paragraph 2) most probably means _.3. According to the text, what is beyond mans ability now is to design a robot that can _.4. Besides reducing human labor, robots can also _.5. The author uses the example of a monkey to argue that robots are _.问题1选项A.the use of machines to produce science fictionB.the wide use of machines in manufacturing industryC.the invention of tools for difficult and dangerous workD.the elites cunning tackling of dangerous and boring work问题2选项A.programsB.expertsC.devicesD.creatures问题3选项A.fulfill delicate tasks like performing brain surgeryB.interact with human beings verballyC.have a little common senseD.respond independently to a changing world问题4选项A.make a few decisions for themselvesB.deal with some errors with human interventionC.improve factory environmentsD.cultivate human creativity问题5选项A.expected to copy human brain in internal structureB.able to perceive abnormalities immediatelyC.far less able than human brain in focusing on relevant informationD.best used in a controlled environment【答案】第1题:C第2题:C第3题:D第4题:B第5题:C【解析】1.【选项释义】Human ingenuity was initially demonstrated in _. 人类的智慧最初是在_上展示的。A. the use of machines to produce science fiction A. 用机器制作科幻小说B. the wide use of machines in manufacturing industry B. 机器在制造业中的广泛应用C. the invention of tools for difficult and dangerous work C. 发明用于处理困难和危险工作的工具D. the elites cunning tackling of dangerous and boring work D. 精英们对危险和枯燥工作的巧妙处理【答案】C【考查点】事实细节题。【解题思路】根据题干信息可定位到第一段第一句“自从人类有了聪明才智以来，人们设计出了越来越巧妙的工具来处理那些危险、无聊、繁重或纯粹是肮脏的工作（people have devised ever more cunning tools to cope with work）。”由此可知人们最初的智慧是设计用于处理工作的工具。因此选C。【干扰项排除】