2022年考博英语-北京科技大学考试题库及模拟押密卷（含答案解析）1. 单选题It began as just another research project, in this case to examine the effects of various drugs on patients with a severe mood disorder. Using an advanced brain scanning technologythe clumsily named echo-planar magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (磁共振光谱成像) procedure, or EPMRSIresearchers at Bostons McLean Hospital scanned the medicated and un-medicated brains of 30 people with bipolar disorder in order to detect possible new treatments for the more than 2 million American adults who suffer from the disease.But something unexpected happened. A patient who had been so depressed that she could barely speak became ebullient after the 45-minute brain scan. Then a second patient, who seemed incapable of even a smile, emerged actually telling jokes. Then another and another. Was this some coincidence? Aimee Parow, the technician who made these observations didnt think so. She mentioned the patients striking mood shifts to her boss and together they completely refocused the study: to see if the electromagnetic fields might actually have a curative effect on depressive mood.As it turns out, they did. As reported last month in the American Journal of Psychiatry, 23 of the 30 people who were part of the study reported feeling significantly less depressed after the scan. The most dramatic improvements were among those who were taking no medication. The researchers are cautious. Says Bruce Cohen, McLeans president and psychiatrist in chief: “I want to emphasize that we are not saying this is the answer but this is a completely different approach in trying to help the brain than anything that was done before.Its a completely different approach because of the way the magnetism is applied to the brain. But its an example of new research on an old idea: that the brain is an electromagnetic organ and that brain disorders might result from disorder in magnetic function. The idea has huge appeal to psychiatrists and patients alike, since for many people the side effects of psychiatric (精神的) drugs are almost as difficult to manage as the disease itself. And 30 percent of the nearly 18.8 million people who suffer from depression do not respond to any of the antidepressants available now. People with other severe mental disorders might benefit as well. And while no one fully understands exactly why or how the brain responds as it does to electrical currents and magnetic waves, fascinating new research is offering some possible explanations.1. The first paragraph describes a project aimed at finding（ ）.2. What does the passage say about bipolar disorder?3. The word “ebullient” in Paragraph 2 can be best replaced by（ ）.4. The researchers attitude toward the new finding can be described as（ ）.5. The new finding is significant because it shows that electromagnetic fields may（ ）.问题1选项A.who has bipolar disorderB.what improves peoples moodsC.whether magnetic scanning is a treatmentD.how some patients respond to some drugs问题2选项A.It mainly affects males.B.It may cause drug addiction.C.It is a mental problem.D.It is hard to detect.问题3选项A.considerateB.quietC.excitedD.sorrowful问题4选项A.confusedB.amusedC.carefulD.skeptical问题5选项A.treat mental disordersB.cause mental disordersC.increase the effectiveness of some drugsD.reduce the effectiveness of some drugs【答案】第1题:D第2题:C第3题:C第4题:C第5题:A【解析】第1题:细节推理题。题干意思是“第一段描述了一个旨在寻找的项目”。根据题干定位到文章第一段第一句It began as just another research project, in this case to examine the efforts of various drugs on patients with a severe mood disorder.（它一开始只是另一个研究项目，在这个案例中，研究各种药物对严重情绪障碍患者的影响），由此可知D项“有些病人对某些药物的反应如何”符合。A项“谁是双相障碍患者”，内容不符合题干；B项“什么改善了人们的情绪”，这个项目研究的是药物对情绪的影响，该项比较片面；C项“磁扫描是否是一种治疗手段”，磁扫描的目的是为了发现可能的新的治疗方法，不是这个项目的目的。故该题选D正确。第2题:细节推断题。题干意思是“关于双相障碍，这篇文章说了什么？”。根据第一段最后一句researchers at Bostons McLean Hospital scanned the medicated and un-medicated brains of 30 people with bipolar disorder in order to detect possible new treatments for the more than 2 million American adults who suffer from the disease.（波士顿麦克莱恩医院的研究人员扫描了30名双相情感障碍患者服用药物和未服用药物的大脑，以便为超过200万的美国成年人发现可能的新治疗方法），由此可以推断，双相情感障碍是一种精神疾病，所以C项“这是一个精神问题”正确。A项“它主要影响男性”文章没有提到；B项“它可能会导致药物成瘾”，文中只提到服用药物和未服用药物的对比，没有提到会导致药物成瘾；D项“它很难察觉”文章也未提及。故该题选C正确。第3题:语义推测题。题干意思是“第2段中的ebullient一词可以被替代”。根据题干定位到文章的第二段第二句A patient who had been so depressed that she could barely speak became ebullient after the 45-minute brain scan.（一位抑郁到几乎说不出话的病人在45分钟的脑部扫描后变得ebullient），第二段第三句提到Then a second patient, who seemed incapable of even a smile, emerged actually telling jokes.（第二位病人，开始看起来脸上一丝笑容都没有，经过扫描后变得可以讲笑话了），由此可以推测，抑郁到几乎说不出话的病人在经过脑扫描后变得兴奋，所以ebullient表示“兴奋”，故C项“兴奋的”正确。A项“考虑周到的”、B项“安静的”和D项“悲伤的”都错误。故该题选C。第4题:细节事实题。题干意思是“研究人员对新发现的态度可以描述为”。文章第三段第四句提到The researchers are cautious.（研究人员对此持谨慎态度），由此可知C项“小心仔细的”正确。A项“困惑的”、B项“觉得好笑的”、D项“怀疑的”都不符合原文。故该题选C正确。第5题:细节推断题。题干意思是“这项新发现意义重大，因为它表