2022年考博英语-昆明理工大学考试题库及模拟押密卷（含答案解析）1. 单选题The old couple decided to（ ）a boy and a girl though they had three children of their own.问题1选项A.adaptB.bringC.receiveD.adopt【答案】D【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项adapt“使适合（新用途、新情况），适应（新情况）”；B选项bring“带来，引起，导致”；C选项receive“拿到，接到，受到”；D选项adopt“收养，领养，采用”。此处表示这对老夫妇决定领养一男一女，因此选D。句意：这对老夫妇决定收养一男一女，尽管他们自己有三个孩子。2. 单选题Although not an economist himself, Dr. Smith has long been a severe critic of the governments （ ）policies.问题1选项A.economicalB.economicC.economyD.economics【答案】B【解析】考查形近词辨析。A选项economical“经济的，实惠的，节俭的”；B选项economic“经济上的，经济学的，有利可图的”；C选项economy“经济，经济情况”；D选项economics“经济学”。空格处为形容词作定语修饰名词policies，B选项符合逻辑搭配。句意：史密斯博士本人虽然不是经济学家，但长期以来一直严厉批评政府的经济政策。3. 单选题The word science is heard so often in modern times that almost everybody has some notion of its meaning. On the other hand, its definition is difficult for many people. The meaning of the term is confused, but everyone should understand its meaning and objectives. Just to make the explanation as simple as possible, suppose science is defined as classified knowledge (facts).Even in the true sciences distinguishing fact from fiction is not always easy. For this reason great care should be taken to distinguish between beliefs and truths. There is no danger as long as a clear difference is made between temporary and proved explanations. For example, hypotheses and theories are attempts to explain natural phenomena. From these positions the scientist continues to experiment and observe until they are proved or discredited. The exact status of any explanation should be clearly labeled to avoid confusion.The objectives of science are primarily the discovery and the subsequent understanding of the unknown. Man cannot be satisfied with recognizing that secrets exist in nature or that questions are unanswerable, he must solve them. Toward that end specialists in the field of biology and related fields of interest are directing much of their time and energy.Actually, two basic approaches lead to the discovery of new information. One, aimed at satisfying curiosity, is referred to as pure science. The other is aimed at using knowledge for specific purposes, for instance, improving health, raising standards of living, or creating new consumer products. In this case knowledge is put to economic use. Such an approach is referred to as applied science.Sometimes practical-minded people miss the point of pure science in thinking only of its immediate application for economic rewards. Chemists responsible for many of the discoveries could hardly have anticipated that their findings would one day result in applications of such a practical nature as those directly related to life and death. The discovery of one bit of information opens the door to the discovery of another. Some discoveries seem so simple that one is amazed they were not made years ago, however one should remember that the construction of the microscope had to precede the discovery of the cell. The host of scientists dedicating their lives to pure science are not apologetic about ignoring the practical side of their discoveries, they know from experience that most knowledge is eventually applied.1.To define science we may simply call it （ ）.2.Pure science, leading to the construction of a microscope,（ ）.3.A scientist interested in adding to our general knowledge about oxygen would probably call his approach（ ）.4.Which of the following statements does the author imply?5.The best title for the passage is（ ）.问题1选项A.the study of unrelated subjectsB.an attempt to explain natural phenomenaC.the study of unrelated fieldsD.classified knowledge问题2选项A.May lead to antiscientific, “impure” resultsB.necessarily precedes applied science, leading to the discovery of a cellC.is not always as pure as we supposeD.necessarily results from applied science and the discovery of a cell问题3选项A.applied scienceB.agricultural scienceC.pure scienceD.environmental science问题4选项A.Scientists engaged in theoretical research should not be blamed for ignoring the practical side of their discoveries.B.Today few people have any notions of the meaning of science.C.In science, it is not difficult to distinguish fact from fiction.D.Practical-minded people can understand the meaning and objectives of pure science.问题5选项A.The Nature of Science and ScientistsB.Biology and the Scientific AgeC.Hypotheses and TheoriesD.On Distinguishing Fact from Fiction【答案】第1题:D第2题:B第3题:C第4题:A第5题:A【解析】1.细节事实题。由文章第一段中的Just to make the explanation as simple as possible, suppose science is defined as classified knowledge (facts).（为了使解释尽可能简单，假设科学被定义为分类知识）可知选D。2.推理判断题。由文章第二段可知，根据不同的目的，科学分为纯科学与应用科学。纯科学是为了满足好奇心，应用科学是将知识用于特殊目的。根据文章最后一段中的however one should remember that the construction of the microscope had to preced