2022年考博英语-沈阳药科大学考前模拟强化练习题（附答案详解）1. 单选题A degree of _ between nurses and patients and their relatives can be considered an advantage in convincing people to volunteer as donors.问题1选项A.estrangementB.adversaryC.hostilityD.intimacy【答案】D【解析】考查上下文语义。A选项estrangement“疏远；失和”；B选项adversary“对手；敌手”；C选项hostility“敌意”；D选项intimacy“亲密”。句意：护士和患者及其亲属之间的_程度有利于说服人们成为志愿捐赠者。根据后文be considered an advantage “被认为是一种优势”，可推断护士和患者及其亲属之间的关系应该是好的，D选项intimacy“亲密”最符合句意。因此，本题最佳选项为D。2. 单选题The art of public speaking began in ancient Greece over 2,000 years ago. Now, twitter, instant messaging, e-mail, blogs and chat forums offer rival approaches to communicationbut none can replace the role of a great speech.The spoken word can handle various vital functions: persuading or inspiring, informing, paying tribute, entertaining, or simply introducing someone or something or accepting something.Over the past year, the human voice has helped guide us over the ups and downs of what was certainly a stormy time.Persuasion is used in dealing with or reconciling different points of view. When the leaders met in Copenhagen in December 2009, persuasive words from activists encouraged them to commit themselves to firmer action.Inspirational speeches confront the emotions. They focus on topics and matters that are close to peoples hearts. During wars, generals used inspiring speeches to prepare the troops for battle.A speech that conveys knowledge and enhances understanding can inform us. The information must be clear, accurate, and expressed in a meaningful and interesting way. When the H1N1 pandemic was announced, the idea of “swine flu” scared many people. Informative speeches from World Health Organization officials helped people to keep their panic under control so they could take sensible precautions.Sad events are never easy to deal with but a speech that pays tribute to the loss of a loved one and gives praise for their contribution can be comforting. Madonnas speech about Michael Jackson, after his death, highlighted the fact that he will continue to live on through his music.Its not only in world forums where public speaking plays an important role. It can also be surprisingly helpful in the course of our own lives.If youre taking part in a debate you need to persuade the listeners of the soundness of your argument. In sports, athletes know the importance of a pep talk before a match to inspire teammates. You yourself may be asked to do a presentation at college or work to inform the others about an area of vital importance.On a more personal level, a friend may be upset and need comforting. Or you might be asked to introduce a speaker at a family event or to speak at a wedding, where your language will be needed to move people or make them laugh.Great speaking ability is not something were born with. Even Barack Obama works hard to perfect every speech. For a brilliant speech, there are rules that you can put to good use. To learn those rules you have to practice and learn from some outstanding speeches in the past.7. The author thinks the spoken word is still irreplaceable because _.8. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT about the role of public speaking?9. Public speaking can play all the following roles EXCEPT _.10. The phrase “pays tribute to” in Para. 7 is closest in meaning to _.11. According to the passage, which of the following best explains the authors view on “great speaking ability”?12. What is the main idea of the passage?问题1选项A.it has always been used to inspire or persuade peopleB.it has a big role to play in the entertainment businessC.it plays important roles in human communicationD.it is of great use in everyday-life context问题2选项A.Speeches at world forums can lead to effective solutions to world problems.B.Speeches from medical authorities can calm people down in times of pandemics.C.The morale of soldiers before a battle can be boosted by senior officers speeches.D.Speeches paying tribute to the dead can comfort the mourners.问题3选项A.to convince people in a debateB.to inform people at a presentationC.to advise people at workD.to entertain people at a wedding问题4选项A.expresses ones sympathy or pityB.expresses ones admiration or respectC.expresses ones comfort or encouragementD.expresses ones sadness or melancholy问题5选项A.It comes from observing rules.B.It can be perfected with easy effort.C.It can be acquired from birth.D.It comes from learning and practice.问题6选项A.Public speaking in international forums.B.The many uses of public speaking.C.Public speaking in daily life context.D.The rules of public speaking.【答案】第1题:C第2题:A第3题:C第4题:B第5题:D第6题:B【解析】7. 事实细节题。1）精准定位：根据题干“作者认为口语仍然是不可替代的，因为_”，可定位到原文第2段The spoken word can handle various vital functions: Persuading o