2020学年人教版英语精品资料B卷能力素养提升【说明】本试卷满分120分，考试时间100分钟.阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分) AOver the years, the recommendations of my friend Philip have led me to work with three of my favorite clients (客户). I am certain that my relationships with these three clients have helped me meet many other wonderful people. Needless to say, I owe Philip a lot. Without him, these relationships wouldnt have happened.Philip is bright, friendly, and inspiring. Sometimes his ideas pay off in a huge way. He is very successful. But this brilliant, creative, friendly man has a bit of difficulty when it comes to small commitments. These little behaviors are annoying things lastminute cancellations, missed phone calls, and the like. While they do trouble my life a little bit, its nothing really major that would make me back out of the relationship. Philip always apologizes for these minor defects. I always accept his apology. When I take all the good things and weigh them against the times hes let me down, he is so far ahead that he gets a “lifetime pass”. And, I tell him so. When I do, he feels good and I feel better for forgiving him. To this day, we are friends. I am his friend because when I consider someones actions, I ask myself, “Am I better off or worse off because of having this person in my life？”With Philip, the answer has always been, and will always be, in his favor. Philip has been such a good friend and having him in my life has been such a good thing that I am grateful. This will always override (忽略) any of his “negative” behaviors. Thats a lifetime pass. How many people do you have in your life to whom you have given a lifetime pass? Is the number high or low in your opinion? Most people want a higher number.语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了“我”的朋友Philip的优缺点以及他在“我”的生活中所起的作用。1Why does the writer owe Philip a lot?ABecause Philip has never troubled him as a good friend.BBecause Philip has solved many of his annoying problems.CBecause Philip has helped him meet many wonderful people.DBecause Philip has offered him many good ideas that work well.解析：选C细节理解题。根据第一段第一、二句“Over the years, the recommendations . meet many other wonderful people.”可知，因为Philip，“我”遇到了许多极棒的人。故答案选C。2Which of the following can best describe Philip?AEvery dog has its day.BAll that glitters is not gold.CThere are spots even on the sun.DA friend in need is a friend indeed.解析：选C推理判断题。A项意为“凡人都有得意日”；B项意为“闪光的不都是金子”；C项意为“人无完人”；D项意为“患难之交才是真朋友”。根据第二段中的“Philip is bright . missed phone calls, and the like.”可知，Philip有优点也有缺点。由此可推知，人无完人。故答案选C。3What does the underlined word “defects” in Para. 2 mean?APraise that you give to someone for something they have done.BA fault or a lack of something that means that something is not perfect.CSomething that you wear to change your appearance and hide who you are.DA very strong feeling that almost makes you sick, caused by something unpleasant.解析：选B词义猜测题。根据第二段“These little behaviors are annoying things lastminute cancellations, missed phone calls, and the like.”以及本词所在的句子可知，他总是为这些小缺点道歉。所以defect意为“瑕疵，缺点”。故答案选B。4Whats the best title for the text?AThanks and ApologizesBA Higher Number for Most PeopleCA Good Friends Negative BehaviorsDMy Friend Philip and the Lifetime Pass解析：选D标题归纳题。纵观全文可知，文章主要讲述了“我”的朋友Philip在“我”的生活中所起的作用。D项概括了文章主旨。故答案选D。BHybrid cars (混合动力车) are cars that run on petrol and electricity. They have a small standard petrol engine and a battery electric motor to provide electric power.There are some differences between different models of hybrid cars, but the general principle is that the car runs on petrol, and the electric motor kicks in when additional power is required, for example, when going uphill or accelerating. In some hybrid cars the petrol engine turns itself off when not needed, for example when the car has stopped at traffic lights, keeping only the electric engine running.Conventional cars have large engines to deal with driving uphill and accelerating. Hybrid cars have much smaller petrol engines, improved by electric motors when needed, so they use less petrol. Another way that fuel consumption is cut is by a system of “regenerative (再生的) braking”. The electric motor is used to slow down the car, rather than conventional brakes. The energy produced by slowing the car is changed into electrical power, which is automatically stored in the battery. In effect, the battery recharges when you brake. In conventional cars the energy produced when braking is wasted.In 1928, Ferdinand Porsche built an experimental hybrid car. The first massproduced hybrid car, the Toyota Prius, came out in Japan at the end of 1997. However, hybrid cars became available in the USA only in 1999. As they use less fuel, hybrid cars are cheaper to run. There are also many voices in place to encourage people to buy them. In some countries, hybrid car owners pay a lower rate of tax, and dont have to pay on certain roads. In some cities, hybrid ca