2022年考博英语-西安电子科技大学考前拔高综合测试题（含答案带详解）1. 单选题Now the cheers and applause _ in a single sustained roar.问题1选项A.mingledB.concentratedC.assembledD.permeated【答案】A【解析】【选项释义】A. mingled 混合；（在社交场合）相交往 B. concentrated 集中（注意力）C. assembled 聚集；集合 D. permeated 渗透；弥漫【答案】A【考查点】动词辨析。【解题思路】句意：现在，欢呼声和掌声在一声持续的吼叫中。根据句意，在吼叫中，欢呼声和掌声是混合在一起的。因此选A。【干扰项排除】B选项concentrated“集中（注意力）”，不符合句意；C选项assembled“聚集；集合”，多指作为一个团体聚集在一起；把人或物聚集在一起。该选项不符合语境；D选项permeated“渗透；弥漫”指液体、气体等渗透；弥漫，不符合语境。【句意】现在，欢呼声和掌声汇成了一声经久不息的吼声。2. 单选题In the 1920s demand for American farm products fell, as European countries began to recover from World War I and instituted austerity (紧缩) programs to reduce their imports. The result was a sharp drop in farm prices. This period was more disastrous for farmers than earlier times had been, because farmers were no longer self-sufficient. They were paying for machinery, seed, and fertilizer, and they were also buying consumer goods. The prices of the items farmers bought remained constant, while prices they received for their products fell. These developments were made worse by the Great Depression, which began in 1929 and extended throughout the 1939s.In 1929, under President Herbert Hoover, the Federal Farm Board was organized. It established the principle of direct interference with supply and demand, and it represented the first national commitment to provide greater economic stability for farmers.President Hoovers successor attached even more importance to this problem. One of the first measures proposed by President Franklin D. Roosevelt when he took office in 1933 was the Agricultural Adjustment Act, which was subsequently passed by Congress. This law gave the Secretary of Agriculture the power to reduce production through voluntary agreements with farmers who were paid to take their land out of use. A deliberate scarcity of farm products was planned in an effort to raise prices. This law was declared unconstitutional by the Supreme Court on the grounds that general taxes were being collected to pay one special group of people. However, new laws were passed immediately that achieved the same result of resting soil and providing flood-control measures, but which were based on the principle of soil conservation. The Roosevelt Administration believed that rebuilding the nations soil was in the national interest and was not simply a plan to help farmers at the expense of other citizens. Later the government guaranteed loans to farmers so that they could buy farm machinery, hybrid (杂交) grain, and fertilizers.1. What brought about the decline in the demand for American farm products?2. The chief concern of the American government in the area of agriculture in the 1920s was _.3. The Agricultural Adjustment Act encouraged American farmers to _.4. The Supreme Court rejected the Agricultural Adjustment Act because it believed that the Act _.5. It was claimed that the new laws passed during the Roosevelt Administration were aimed at _.问题1选项A.The impact of the Great Depression.B.The shrinking of overseas markets.C.The destruction caused by the First World War.D.The increased exports of European countries.问题2选项A.to increase farm productionB.to establish agricultural lawsC.to prevent farmers from going bankruptD.to promote the mechanization of agriculture问题3选项A.reduce their scale of productionB.make full use of their landC.adjust the prices of their farm productsD.be self-sufficient in agricultural production问题4选项A.might cause greater scarcity of farm productsB.didnt give the Secretary of Agriculture enough powerC.would benefit neither the government nor the farmersD.benefited one group of citizens at the expense of others问题5选项A.reducing the cost of farmingB.conserving soil in the long-term interest of the nationC.lowering the burden of farmersD.helping farmers without shifting the burden onto other taxpayers【答案】第1题:B第2题:C第3题:A第4题:D第5题:B【解析】1. 【选项释义】What brought about the decline in the demand for American farm products? 是什么导致了对美国农产品需求的下降？A. The impact of the Great Depression. A. 大萧条的影响。B. The shrinking of overseas markets. B. 海外市场的萎缩。C. The destruction caused by the First World War. C. 第一次世界大战造成的破坏。D. The increased exports of European countries. D. 欧洲国家出口的增加。【答案】B【考查点】推理判断题。【解题思路】根据题干信息可定位到第一段第一句“20世纪20年代，随着欧洲国家开始从第一次世界大战中恢复，并开始实施紧缩计划以减少进口，对美国农产品的需求下降。（demand for American farm products fell）。”由此可知欧洲国家减少了进口，可推断海外市场变得萎缩。因此选B。【干扰项排除】A选项“大萧条的影响。”，大萧条使得美国对农产品需求下降更严重，而不是导致美国农产品需求下降的原因，该选项属于本末倒置；C选项“第一次世界大战造成的破坏。”，文中提到“欧洲国家开始从第一次世界大战中恢复和制定紧缩计划减少进口”，是欧洲国家开始在一战后进行恢复导致他们进口产品减少，而不是一战造成的破坏使美国农产品需求下降，该选项属于过度推断；D选项“欧洲国家出口的增加。”，文中提到“欧洲国家开始从第一次世界大战中恢复和制定紧缩计划减少进口”欧洲国家减少了进口，但是文中没有说欧洲国家增加出口，该选项属于无中生有。2. 【选项释义】The chief concern of the American government in the area of agriculture in the 1920s was