2022年考博英语-吉林大学考试题库及模拟押密卷（含答案解析）1. 单选题The employer must（ ） that the applications for the post have the proper qualifications.问题1选项A.justifyB.verifyC.warrantD.perceive【答案】B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。justify “证明 是正当的；替 辩护”；verify “核实； 查证”；warrant “保证；担保”；perceive “察觉，感觉”。句意：雇主必须核实针对该岗位的申请都有适合的资质。选项B符合题意。2. 单选题It is a common theme of many science fiction stories that the world may one day be （ ）by beings from the outer space.问题1选项A.run overB.filled inC.taken overD.broken in【答案】C【解析】考查动词词组辨析。run over “辗过；溢出”；fill in “填写；填充；替代”；take over “接管；接收”；broke in “打断；闯入”。句意：科幻小说共有的一个主题是总有一天世界可能被外星人接管。选项C符合题意。3. 单选题A wise man once said that the only thing necessary for the triumph of evil is for good men to do nothing. So,as a police officer, I have some urgent things to say to good people.Day after day my men and I struggle to hold back a tidal wave of crime. Something has gone terribly wrong with our onceproud American way of life. It has happened in the area of values. A key ingredient is disappearing, and I think I know what it is: accountability.Accountability isnt hard to define. It means that every person is responsible for his or her actions and liable for their consequences.Of the many values that hold civilization togetherhonesty, kindness, and so on accountability may be the most important of all. Without it, there can be no respect, no trust, no lawand, ultimately, no society.My job as a police officer is to impose accountability of people who refuse, or have never learned, to impose it on themselves. But as every policeman knows, external controls on peoples behavior are far less effective, that internal restrains such as guilt, shame and embarrassment.Fortunately there are still communitiessmaller towns, usuallywhere schools maintain discipline and where parents hold up standards that proclaims: “In this family certain things are not toleratedthey simply are not done.Yet more and more, especially in our larger cities and suburbs, these inner restraints are loosening. Your typical robber has none. He considers your property his property; he takes what he wants, including your life if you enrage him.The main cause of this break-down is a radical shift in attitudes. Thirty years ago, if a crime was committed, society was considered the victim. Now, in a shocking reversal, its the criminal who is considered victimized: by his underprivileged upbringing, by the school that didnt teach him to read, by the church that failed to reach him with moral guidance, by the parents who didnt provide a stable home.I dont believe it. Many others in equally disadvantaged circumstances choose not to engage in criminal activities. If we free the criminal, even partly, from accountability, we become a society of excuses where no one accepts responsibility for anything.We in America desperately need more people who believe that the person who commits a crime is the one responsible for it.1.What the wise man said suggests that（ ）.2.According to the author, if a person is found guilty of a crim（ ）.3.Compared with those in small towns, people in large cities have（ ）.4.The writer is sorry to have noticed that（ ）.5.The key point of the passage is that（ ）.问题1选项A.its unnecessary for good people to do anything in face of evilB.its certain that evil will prevail if good men do nothing about itC.its only natural for virtue to defeat evilD.its desirable for good men to keep away from evil问题2选项A.society is to be held responsibleB.modern civilization is responsible for itC.the criminal himself should bear the blameD.the standards of living should be improved问题3选项A.less self-disciplineB.better sense of disciplineC.more mutual respectD.less effective government问题4选项A.people in large cities tend to excuse criminalsB.people in small towns still stick to old discipline and standardsC.todays society lacks sympathy for people in difficultyD.people in disadvantaged circumstances are engaged in criminal activities问题5选项A.stricter discipline should be maintained in schools and familiesB.more good examples should be set for people to followC.more restrictions should be imposed on peoples behaviorD.more people should accept the value of accountability【答案】第1题:B第2题:C第3题:A第4题:A第5题:D【解析】1.文章第一句话a wise man once said that the only thing necessary for the triumph of evil is for good men to do nothing 提到曾经以为智者说过坏人胜利的唯一条件是好人什么都不做。选项B符合题意。2.文章最后一段提到在美国急需更多的人知道犯罪的人应该自己承担责任。选项C符合题意。3.文章第七段yet more and more, especially in our larger cities and suburbs, these inner restraints are loosening提到城市和城镇中，人们越来越缺乏自律。选项A符合题意。4.文章倒数第三段提到几十年前，当罪犯犯罪之后，社会被认为是受害者，而现在，罪犯反而被认为是受害者，罪犯得到开脱，作者认为这是令人震惊的。由此可见，作者对这种情况是非常不满的。所以选项A符合题意。5.文章主要的目的是提醒人们应该承担责任，并且对于为罪犯开脱这种做法很不满，认为犯罪的人应该承担相应的责任。不然长此以往，犯罪会增多，社会也会面临瓦解。选项D符合题意。