Coincidence between Chinese Traditional Philosophy and MarxistPhilosophyShiYing【Abstract】ThispaperdisclosesthetheoreticalbasisandhistoricaloriginforextensivespreadofMarxistphilosophyinChinafromtheaspectsofthewaythebasicquestionofphilosophyisconcernedandansweredinMarxistphilosophyandChinesetraditionalphilosophyrespectively，theinfluenceofChinesetraditionalphilosophyupontheformationanddevelopmentofMarxistphilosophy，theunderstandingofthespecificquestionsofphilosophyinMarxistphilosophyandChinesetraditionalphilosophyrespectively，andthecreativedevelopmentforcombinationofChinesetraditionalphilosophyandMarxistphilosophybytheChineseCommunistPartyduringpracticalexploration.【Keywords】Marxistphilosophy;Chinesetraditionalphilosophy;coincidenceTheOctoberRevolutionofRussiain1917hasdrivenChineseadvancedmemberstoshifttheirfocusfromthewesttotheeastandfrombourgeoisdemocratismtosocialism.TherehasbeencontinuouscollisionofthoughtsbetweenChinesetraditionalphilosophyandMarxistphilosophysincetheintroductionofthelattertoChinaandthelasttwohundredyearshavewitnessedthesinoficationofMarxistphilosophyandthemodernizationofChinesetraditionalphilosophythroughmutualpromotionandfusion.I.ConsistencyinthewaythebasicquestionofphilosophyisconcernedandansweredThebasicquestionofphilosophyisthemostimportantquestionintheproblemdomainofphilosophyandthequestiononewillinevitablybefacedwithandmustsolvefirstinphilosophyresearch.Thequestiondecidesthecharacteristicsandnatureoftheentirephilosophysystemandthesolutiontheretoinfluencesanddeterminestheidea，principleanddirectionofotherquestionsofphilosophy.Engelsclearlyputsforwardinhissummaryofdevelopmenthistoryofphilosophythat“thebasicquestionofphilosophy，especiallymodernphilosophy，istherelationbetweenthinkingandbeing，andfurtherpointsoutthatthebasicquestionofphilosophycontainstwomeanings，i.e.whichofthinkingandbeingisprimaryandwhetherthereisidentityofthinkingandbeing.BothMarxistphilosophyandChinesetraditionalphilosophyareformedanddevelopedinthecourseofansweringthebasicquestionofphilosophy.ThoughChinesetraditionalphilosophyisdifferentfromwesternphilosophyandMarxistphilosophyinmeansandformsofexpression，itsessenceandnatureremaintobetheexplorationandinquiryoftherelationbetween“thinkingand“being，thebasicquestionofphilosophy.InthedevelopmenthistoryofovertwothousandyearsofChinesetraditionalphilosophy，thebasicquestionofphilosophyhasbeenansweredwithfocusondifferentthemesandinspecialformsofexpression，includingdebateonheavenandmanandthatonnameandrealityfromthepre-QinperiodtotheperiodoftwoHandynasties，debateonexistenceandinexistenceandthatonshapeandspiritfromWeiandJindynastiestoSuiandTangdynasties，anddebateonLiandQiandthatonmindandmatterfromSongandYuandynastiestoMingandQingdynasties.II.InfluenceofChinesetraditionalphilosophyuponformationanddevelopmentofMarxistphilosophyMarxismisthequintessenceofexcellentthoughtachievementsofallhumanbeingsoverseveralthousandyears.WhenfoundingMarxistphilosophy，MarxandEngelsdrewonandassimilatedtheexistingoutstandingachievementsofideologicalresearchatthattime，includingalargeamountofideologicalessencefromEuropeantraditionalphilosophy，especiallyGermanclassicalphilosophy，andalsosomeideologicalessencefromtraditionalphilosophyofChinaandothercountries.JosephNeedham，arenownedBritishhistorianofscience，eversaid，“dialecticalmaterialismderivesfromChina，isintroducedtoEuropebyJesuitmissionariesandreturnstoChinaafterscientizedbyMarxists.Asamatteroffact，ChinesetraditionalphilosophyhascausedindirectandevendirecteffectonthefoundationofMarxistphilosophy.Undoubtedly，GermanclassicphilosophyisthedirecttheoreticalsourceofMarxistphilosophy，butitborrowsandabsorbsthequintessenceofChinesetraditionalphilosophy.Thepropositionof“Thesis-Antithesis-SynthesisbyHegelwhoepitomizedGermanclassicphilosophyderivesfromthephilosophicalthoughtof“unityofheavenandmaninancientChina.FeuerbachshumanisticthoughtdrawsonsomeideasofConfucianphilosophy.InhisTheoryofHappiness，heaffirmsConfuciusideaof“neverdotootherswhatyouwouldnotlikethemtodotoyouas“simpleandstraightawaybutthebestandthemostauthenticamongnumerousmoralprinciplesandadmonitions.Therefore，MarxistphilosophyisindirectlyaffectedbyChinesetraditionalphilosophywhenreferringtoGermanclassicphilosophy.Infact，MarxandEngelshavecarefullystudiedChinesehistoryandChinesetraditionalphilosophyinthecourseoffoundingMarxistphilosophy.TheywroteaseriesofarticlesrelatedtoChinasuchasChineseRevolutionandtheEuropeanRevolution，RussiasTradewithChina，TreatybetweenChinaandBritainandNewWaragainstChina.MarxalsoclearlypointedoutthatsocialismofChinahassomethingincommonwiththatofEurope，justlikeChinesephilosophywithHegelianism.III.SimilarityinUnderstandingofSpecificQuestionsofPhilosophyAsmentionedabove，thereissimilaritybetweenthematerialistworldviewofMarxistphilosophyandthematerialistideasofChinesetraditionalphilosophy.Besides，coincidenceexistsbetweenthematerialisticdialecticsofMarxistphilosophyandthesimpledialecticsofChinesetraditionalphilosophy.DialecticsistheessentialfeatureofMarxistphilos