2022年考博英语-华南师范大学考前模拟强化练习题（附答案详解）1. 翻译题Directions: Put the following pas sage into Chinese. Write your Chinese version in the proper space on the Answer Sheet.This greater interdependence is not limited to the financial sector. The new challenges of today are global in nature and therefore, they demand a global response. This applies to issues such as climate change, eneigy security, terrorism prevention, trafficking and organized crime. We can no longer meet these challenges by closing the door and simply looking after our own house. Instead, we must reach out and seek cooperation, wherever cooperation is more effective. The world is currently witnessing the broadest and deepest wave of globalization ever producing great opportunities but also some risks. Globalization has helped hundreds of millions from poverty and provided businesses with the possibility to invest and expand abroaD.But those same businesses know that they can no longer live on past achievements. When we speak of globalization, it is important to understand that openness and interdependence are the rules of the game.Our cooperation in the fight against climate change is particularly important. We all know that climate change is real, that it is caused by human activity, and that its consequences are universal and will be felt first and foremost by the poorest. It will serve little purpose if other countries do not join in common action. Yes, there is a cost to reducing emissions, but the cost of global warming and not just in the long term is going to be far higher, including for China.【答案】我们之间日益加深的相互依存并不局限于金融领域。今天我们实际面临的许多新挑战 都是全球性的，因此需要全球做出共同应对。这其中包括了气候变化、能源安全、制止恐怖主义、贩卖毒品和有组织犯罪等。我们已经不能以关起门来独善其身的方式应对这些挑 战。相反，我们必须伸出双手寻求合作，因为合作能够更有效地解决这些问题。世界正经历着一波最为广泛和深刻的全球化浪潮，这为我们提供了巨大的机会，但同时也带来了一 些风险。全球化已帮助数以亿计的人们摆脱了贫困，并且给企业提供了进行海外投资和扩张的机会。但那些企业也意识到不能够满足于自己过去取得的成就。提到全球化，我们必须清楚公开和相互依存是其游戏的规则。我们在应对气候变化方面的合作尤其重要。我们现在都认识到气候的变化是实实在在的，这一变化由人类活动引发，其影响是全球性的并且将首先波及最贫困的人口。如果其他国家不参与共同行动，那么，我们的努力将不会产生结果。是的，我们将为减少温室气体排放付出代价，但我们可能在并不遥远的将来为全球变暖付出远高于此的代价，中国也不例外。2. 单选题Today chemicals are used to destroy crop insects, to preserve food and to purify our water among many other（ ）.问题1选项A.mattersB.thingsC.businessesD.accounts【答案】A【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在的化学用品被用于杀死害虫，保护庄稼食物，还用于净化水源，还用于许多其他的事项。根据句意，空格处并列前文提及的化学剂的用途，则A 项“事件；事情”最符合用法。3. 单选题The English weather defies forecast and hence is a source of interest（ ） to everyone.问题1选项A.speculationB.attributionC.utilizationD.proposition【答案】A【解析】考查名词词义辨析。A选项 speculation “思索，推测；做投机买卖”；B选项 attribution “归属，归因”；C选项 utilization “利用”；D选项 proposition “主张，建议，陈述，命题”。句意：英国的天气让人无法预测，因此它成为大家感兴趣和推测的对象。根据句意，A选项正确。4. 单选题If you push hard on the world, the world will push back on you; if you touch the world gently, the world will touch you（ ）.问题1选项A.in returnB.in the long runC.in turnD.in place【答案】A【解析】考查词组。A: in return “反过来”；B: in the long run “从长远来看” ; C: in turn “依次；轮流”；D: in place “在对的位置；适当的”。句意：如果你在这个世界上努力的话，世界会对你施加压力；如果你对世界温柔，那么世界也会同样待你。句子前后结构一致，可知A符合语境，为正确答案。5. 单选题A statement from the government needs to be made to（ ）the misunderstanding resulting from the rumors.问题1选项A.clarifyB.illuminateC.refineD.decompose【答案】A【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A: clarify “使澄清；清楚” ；B: illuminate “照明；阐明”；C: refine “提炼；改善；使高雅”；D: decompose “（使）（死去的动植物）腐烂”。句意：政府的声明需要澄清因谣言产生的误解。根据“misunderstanding 误解”可知A能构成动宾搭配，故A为正确答案。6. 单选题After completing the big dictionary which was popularly received by readers, this famous scholar set out to compile a（ ）to it.问题1选项A.complementB.supplementC.accessoryD.helper【答案】B【解析】考查名词词义辨析。A: complement“补足物” ；B: supplement “增补，补充”；C: accessory “附件”；D: helper“助手”。句意：在完成了这部被读者普遍接受的大字典之后，这位著名的学者打算对其补充。根据句意判断出B为正确答案。7. 单选题Terrorists（ ）to bombing city centers as a means of achieving their political aims.问题1选项A.resortedB.tookC.sawD.looked【答案】A【解析】考查动词辨析。A: resort to “依靠，求助于；诉诸；常去”；B: ;take to “喜欢；走向； 开始从事”；C: see to “注意;负责；照料”；D: look to “注意;指望；照看”。句意：恐怖分子把向市中心投放炸弹作为他们完成政治目标的手段。结合此处语境，A为正确答案。8. 翻译题In contrast to the science of classical antiquity, modern science is basically unfinished whereas ancient science had the appearance of something completed to which the notion of progress was not essential. Modern science progresses into the infinite.Modern science has realized that a finished and total world-view is scientifically impossible. Only when scientific criticism is crippled by making particulars absolute can a closed view of the world pretend to scientific validityand then it is a false validity. Those great new unified systems of knowledgesuch as modern physicshave grown up in the scientific times only with single aspects of reality. And reality, as a whole, has been fragmented as never before; whence the openness of the modern world is contrast to the closed Greek cosmos.【答案】和古典时代的科学相比