大副阅读练习1. The objective of lashing the coils is to form one large，immovable block of units in the hold by lashing them togetherIn general，strip coils in three end rows in the top tier should be lashedTo prevent fore-and-aft shifting in the top tier of bare-wound coils group-lashing should not be applied due to their fragile nature；the end row of a top tier should be secured by dunnage and wires，which are to be tightened from side to side，and by additional wires to the bulkheadWhen coils are fully loaded over the entire bottom space and are well shored，no lashings are required except for locking coilsThe lashings can be of a conventional type using wire steel band or any equivalent meansConventional lashings should consist of wires having sufficient tensile strengthThe first tier should be chockedIt should be possible to re-tighten the lashings during the voyageWire lashings should be protected against damage from sharp edgesIf there are few coils，or a single coil only，they should be adequately secured to the ship，by placing them in cradles，by wedging，or by shoring and then lashing to prevent transverse and longitudinal movement1The locking coil is _Aa coil secured by shoringsBa coil placed in cradleCa coil used to secure other coilsDa coil secured by wedgingsC2The general objective of lashing coils is to prevent them from _Atransverse and longitudinal movementBrolling in the holdCvertical movementDfore-and-aft shiftingA3When coils are fully loaded over tanktop and are well shored，_Athree end rows in the top tier should be lashedBno lashings are required except for locking coilsCthey should be secured to the ship by wedgingDthey should be placed in cradlesB4.If there is a single coil，its securing should be done by _Aplacing it in cradle and then lashing itBshoring it and then placing it in cradleCplacing it in cradle，wedging it，shoring it and lashing itDlashing the three end rowsA2. As for sub-contracting and indemnity，the Repairer shall be entitled to sub-contract on any terms the whole or any part of the Works and any and all acts or things that are in the opinion of the Repairer necessary or desirable to carry out and complete the WorksThe Customer undertakes that no claim or allegation shall be made against any person by whomsoever the Works is performed or undertaken（including all sub-contractors of the Repairer），other than the Repairer，which imposes or attempts to impose upon any such person any liability whatsoever in connection with the Works，whether or not arising out of negligence on the part of such person and，if any such claim or allegation should nevertheless be made，to indemnify the Repairer against all consequences thereof1.If a claim is made by the Customer against a sub-contractor，_Athe sub-contractor shall indemnify the Repairer against all consequences thereofBthe Customer shall indemnify the sub-contractor against all consequences thereofCthe sub-contractor shall indemnify the Customer against all consequences thereofDthe Customer shall indemnify the Repairer against all consequences thereofD2.According to this passage，_ is trueAthe Customer undertakes not to make claims or allegations against the RepairerBthe Repairer undertakes not to make claims or allegations against the CustomerCthe Customer undertakes not to make claims or allegations against a sub-contractorDthe Repairer undertakes not to make claims or allegations against a sub-contractorC3.The Repairer is entitled to sub-contract to _ on any terms all things that are in his opinion necessary to complete the WorksAany personBthe CustomerCa claimerDan allegerA4.This passage is likely extracted from _Aa B/LBGenconCBaltimeDa Ship Repair ContractD3. Whilst proper care must be taken with the stowage of all iron and steel，cargoes of pig iron，steel billets，round bars and pipes are particularly difficult to secure effectivelyIn the upper tween decks of many two and three deck ships the absence of hatch coamings more than a few inches high adds to the difficulty of securing pig iron and billets carried abreast the hatchways and there appears to be a greater risk of cargo shifting in these spaces than in the lower holdsThe most effective way to secure these cargoes is to level them and over stow them with other suitable cargoThe over stow should have sufficient rigidity or weight to act as a positive preventative to the movement of pig iron，steel billets，bars，etcLarge quantities of uncovered pig iron or billets should not be carried in the upper-tween decks with the intention of obtaining an unduly low metacentric height since this does not eliminate the risk of cargo shifting and may endanger the ship if it does shift1.Where the pig iron，steel billets，round bars an