摘 要现在农业采摘已采用专业化、集约化和规模化采摘，农业采摘机成为当今世界最具活力的新兴农业机械之一和现代农业机械的亮点。结合我国农业生产的实际需要，针对浆果采摘机农业机械市场的特点，对浆果采摘机进行了研究、开发，设计研制出一种可自动完成对浆果的采摘及收获的机械。课题从浆果采摘机原动部分及传动部分的设计、工作部分的设计、液压系统的设计等多方面详细介绍了研究过程与方法，并给出了安装及维护的注意事项。本设计以拖拉机作为原动机，通过拖拉机的拖拽，实现了浆果采摘机的行驶功能，液压马达为动力源，采用四连杆机构实现了采摘机的采摘功能。针对不同的农业地况，车体设计成可升降的结构。关键词： 浆果采摘机；结构设计；理论计算AbstractNow agricultural picking has adopted specialized, intensive and large-scale agriculture picking, picking machine becomes the worlds most dynamic emerging agricultural machinery and modern agricultural machinery window. With Chinas agricultural production actual need, according to berry picking machine agricultural machinery market characteristics, the berry picking machine undertook research, development, design and develop a automatic completion of the berry picking and harvesting machinery.The berry picking machine driving part and a transmission part of the design, part of the design work, the design of hydraulic system and other aspects detailed introduces the study process and method, and gives the installation and maintenance of the matters needing attention.The design of tractor as motive, the tractor drag, realizes the driving function of berry picking machine, hydraulic motor as a power source, four connecting rod mechanism is adopted to realize picking machine picking function. In view of the different agricultural condition, body is designed into a lifting structure. Keywords： Berry picking machine; Structure design; Theoretical calculation目 录摘 要IAbstractII第1章 绪论11.1 选题的意义11.2 采摘机概述11.2.1 国内外发展情况11.2.2 采摘机的简介21.2.3 采摘机的主要用途和应用领域2第2章 总体方案设计42.1 总体方案确定42.1.1 旋转式结构42.1.2 摆动式结构42.2 方案介绍及选择52.2.1 旋转式采摘介绍52.2.2 摆动式采摘介绍52.2.3 采摘方案选择6第3章 采摘机的结构设计及计算73.1 参数初定73.1.1 车体框架尺寸初定73.1.2 接果板总长初定73.1.3 摆架机构尺寸初定73.2 框架的材料选择及重量计算73.3 传输带链轮的设计83.3.1 初选链轮齿数83.3.2 确定计算功率83.3.4 计算单排链所能传递的功率及链节距83.3.5 确定链实际长度及中心距83.3.6 计算链速93.3.7 计算作用在轴上的压轴力93.3.8 按静强度校核链条93.3.9 润滑方式的选择103.3.10 链轮的结构设计103.4 摆架的设计103.5 轴的设计及计算103.5.1 选定车轮轴径123.5.2 车轮轴的校核143.5.3 液压支柱支撑轴校核163.6 轴承寿命计算16第4章 液压系统设计184.1 液压系统的设计要求184.2 液压系统的基本回路184.3 确定液压系统的主要参数204.3.1 初选工作压力204.3.2 计算液压缸的主要结构尺寸214.3.3 液压缸工作流量的确定224.3.4 确定液压缸的安装方式224.3.5 绘制液压系统的工作原理图22第5章 浆果采摘机的安装与维护255.1 安装注意事项255.2 维护中的注意事项25结 论26致 谢27参考文献28CONTENTSAbstractIChapter 1 Introduction11.1 Significance of topics1 1.2 Picking machine overview 11.2.1 The development status at home and abroad1 1.2.2 Picking machine introduction 21.2.3 Picking machine mainly uses and Applications3Chapter 2 Scheme design 5 2.1 Scheme 5 2.2 Comparison of the trin7 2.3 The design features t 8Chapter 3 Calculation of two-way conveyor belt design9 3.1 The primary parameters9 3.2 driven form 9 3.3 Calculation of transmission capacity103.4 The choice of conveyor belt10 3.4.1 Checking with the intensity 113.4.2 with the resistance calculation 123.4.3 Belt tension calculation13 3.5 Calculation of traction and motor power16Chapter 4 Design of the main components17 4.1 The choice of motor and reducer17 4.1.1 Motor Selection17 4.1.2 Selection reducer17 4.2 Selection and calculation of roller18 4.2.1 choice of roll diameter18 4.2.2 roller spacing19 4.2.3 Calculation and check of roller19 4.3 The choice of drum 19 4.3.1 Checking the diameter of roll204.3.2 Selection drum auxiliary board214.4 Design of roller shaft214.5 tensioning device224.6 cleaning device224.7 Brake224.8 installed, uninstall the device structure design224.9 Selection of Protectors244.9.1 speed protection device244.9.2 Deviation protection24Chapter 5 Installation and maintenance of transport25Conclusion 26Thanks 27References 2829第1章 绪论1.1 选题的意义蓝莓具有“世界水果之王”和“黄金水果”的美誉，由于其保健作用和经济、药用价值，蓝莓产业链必然成为我国林业经济新的增长点。本研究欲引进美国蓝莓自动采摘技术，填补我国在小浆果采摘机械方面的空白，促进林业科技进步，同时也为高附加值的林特产品的种植和推广提供设备支持，解决由于人工采摘效率低造成的阻碍蓝莓种植面积扩大的问题，也解决了人工野蛮