.妇产科学术语妇产科学 obstetrics and gynecology产科学 obstetrics妊娠 pregnancy幼女妊娠 precocious pregnancy妊娠年龄小于或等于12岁者。青春期妊娠 teenage pregnancy， adolescent pregnancy孕次 gravidity未孕妇 nulligraviTags：术语 妇产 科学 妇产科学 obstetrics and gynecology 产科学 obstetrics 妊娠 pregnancy幼女妊娠 precocious pregnancy妊娠年龄小于或等于12岁者。青春期妊娠 teenage pregnancy,adolescent pregnancy 孕次 gravidity 未孕妇 nulligravida孕妇 gravida 初孕妇 primigravida 经孕妇 multigravida 假孕 pseudocyesis前次月经 past menstrual period,PMP 末次月经 last menstrual period,LMP月经龄 menstrual age 受精龄 fertilization age 孕龄 gestational age 早孕反应 morning sickness 妊娠剧吐 hyperemesis gravidarum 妊娠纹 striae gravidarum妊娠溢液 hydrorrhea gravidarum 黑加征 Hegar sign 胎动感 quickening四步触诊法 four maneuvers of Leopold 脐带杂音 umbilical souffl 子宫杂音 uterine souffl 妊娠期 trimester of pregnancy妊娠早期 early trimester of pregnancy妊娠中期 mid trimester of pregnancy妊娠晚期 late trimester of pregnancy 过期妊娠 postterm pregnancy,prolonged pregnancy单胎妊娠 singleton pregnancy双胎妊娠 twin pregnancy单羊膜囊双胎 monoamnionic twin pregnancy双羊膜囊双胎 diamnionic twin pregnancy单绒毛膜双胎 monochorionic twin pregnancy双胎交锁 locked twins,interlocking twins多胎妊娠 multiple pregnancy三胎妊娠 triplet pregnancy四胎妊娠 quadruplet pregnancy五胎妊娠 quintuplet pregnancy同期复孕 superfecundation异期复孕 superfetation产前 antepartum产时 intrapartum产后 postpartum产前保健 antenatal care,prenatal care预产期 expected date of confinement,EDC胎方位 fetal position产妇 parturient,puerpera未产妇 nullipara初产妇 primipara高龄初产妇 elderly primipara妊娠年龄大于或等于35岁者。经产妇 multipara多产妇 grand multipara分娩次数大于或等于5次者。产次 parity初产 primiparity经产 multiparity胎先露 fetal presentation胎势 fetal attitude,fetal posture胎产式 fetal lie纵产式 longitudinal lie横产式 transverse lie胎头浮 floating head胎头入盆 engagement of head胎儿下降感 lightening见红 bloody show， show自然流产 spontaneous abortion先兆流产 threatened abortion难免流产 inevitable abortion不全流产 incomplete abortion完全流产 complete abortion稽留流产 missed abortion习惯性流产 habitual abortion早期流产 early abortion晚期流产 late abortion人工流产 artificial abortion,induced abortion流产感染 septic abortion流产儿 abortus葡萄胎 hydatidiform mole,vesicular mole异位妊娠 ectopic pregnancy联合妊娠 combined pregnancy宫颈妊娠 cervical pregnancy输卵管流产 tubal abortion输卵管妊娠 tubal pregnancy输卵管间质部妊娠 interstitial tubal pregnancy宫角妊娠 cornual pregnancy卵巢妊娠 ovarian pregnancy阔韧带妊娠 broad ligament pregnancy腹腔妊娠 abdominal pregnancy子宫残角妊娠 pregnancy in rudimentary horn输卵管妊娠破裂 rupture of tubal pregnancy盆腔积血 pelvic hematocele阿-斯反应 Arias-Stell reaction简称A-S反应.宫外孕时子宫内膜上皮细胞及核呈肥大改变。蜕膜管型 decidual cast假临产 false labor先兆临产 threatened labor临产 in labor产程 labor总产程 total stage of labor第一产程 first stage of labor第二产程 second stage of labor第三产程 third stage of labor生理性缩复环 physiologic retraction ring颈管消失 effacement of cervix宫口扩张 dilatation of cervix胎头拨露 head visible on vulval gapping宫缩时胎头露于阴道口，宫缩间歇时又缩回阴道内。胎头着冠 crowning of head胎膜破裂 rupture of membranes胎膜破裂 rupture of membranes胎膜早破 premature rupture of membranes临产前胎膜破裂。胎膜先破 early rupture of membranes临产早期，宫口开大不到5cm时，胎膜破裂。分娩 delivery， parturition足月分娩 term labor，胎膜破裂 rupture of membranes胎膜早破 premature rupture of membranes临产前胎膜破裂。胎膜先破 early rupture of membranes临产早期，宫口开大不到5cm时，胎膜破裂。分娩 delivery， parturition足月分娩 term labor， term delivery顺产 spontaneous delivery分娩机制 mechanism of labor衔接 engagement下降 descent俯屈 flexion内旋转 internal rotation仰伸 extention外旋转 external rotation娩出 expulsion早产 premature delivery产力异常 abnormal uterine action宫缩乏力 uterine inertia高直位 sincipital presentation面先露 face presentation胎头过度仰伸 hyperextension of fetal head额先露 brow presentation颏前位 mentoanterior position颏后位 mentoposterior position持续性枕横位 persistent occipitotransverse position持续性枕后位 persistent occipitoposterior position肩难产 shoulder dystocia肩先露 shoulder presentation忽略性肩先露 neglected shoulder presentation复合先露 compound presentation头盆不称 cephalopelvic disproportion， CPD骨盆入口狭窄 contracted pelvic inlet中骨盆狭窄 contracted midpelvis骨盆出口狭窄 contracted pelvic outlet扁平骨盆 flat pelvis漏斗骨盆 funnel shaped pelvis均小骨盆 generally contracted pelvis滞产 prolonged labor全产程大于24小时。难产 dystocia产科出血 obstetric hemorrhage产前出血 antepartum hemorrhage低置胎盘 low-lying placenta前置胎盘 placenta praevia完全性前置胎盘 total placenta praevia部分性前置胎盘 partial placenta praevia边缘性前置胎盘 marginal placenta praevia胎盘早剥 placental abruption胎盘嵌顿 placental incarceration侵入性胎盘 placenta accreta植入性胎盘 placenta increta穿透性胎盘 placenta percreta子宫内翻 inversion of uterus产道裂伤 laceration of birth canal会阴裂伤 perineal laceration会阴阴道裂伤 colpoperineal laceration产后出血 postpartum hemorrhage晚期产后出血 late postpartum hemorrhage产褥期 puerperium初乳 colostrum哺乳 lactation母乳喂养 breast feeding产后宫缩痛 after-pains恶露 lochia血性恶露 lochia rubra浆液恶露 lochia serosa白色恶露 lochia alba产褥感染 puerperal infection子宫复旧 involution of uterus子宫复旧不全 subinvolution围生医学 perinatology又称围产医学.高危妊娠 high-risk pregnancy妊娠水肿 gestational edema妊娠蛋白尿 gestational proteinuria妊娠高血压 gestational hypertension妊娠高血压综合征 pregnancy-induced hypertension syndrome， PIH简称妊高征.轻度妊高征 mild PIH中度妊高征 moderate PIH重度妊高征 severe PIH先兆子痫 preeclampsia子痫 e