A组20162014年各省市高考题（改编）Passage 1(2016全国)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Secret codes (密码)keep messages private.Banks, companies, and government agencies use secret codes in doing business, especially when information is sent by computer.People have used secret codes for thousands of years._1_ Code breaking never lags(落后) far behind code making.The science of creating and reading coded messages is called cryptography.There are three main types of cryptography._2_ For example, the first letters of “My elephant eats too many eels” spell out the hidden message “Meet me.”_3_You might represent each letter with a number, for example. Lets number the letters of the alphabet, in order, from 1 to 26.If we substitute a number for each letter, the message “Meet me” would read “135520135.”A code uses symbols to replace words, phrases, or sentences.To read the message of a real code, you must have a code book._4_ For example, “bridge” might stand for “meet” and “out” might stand for “me.” The message “bridge out” would actually mean “Meet me.” _5_However, it is also hard to keep a code book secret for long.So codes must be changed frequently.AIt is very hard to break a code without the code book.BIn any language, some letters are used more than others.COnly people who know the keyword can read the message.DAs long as there have been codes, people have tried to break them.EYou can hide a message by having the first letters of each word spell it out.FWith a code book, you might write down words that would stand for other words.GAnother way to hide a message is to use symbols to stand for specific letters of the alphabet.Passage 2(2016全国)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。A garden thats just right for youHave you ever visited a garden that seemed just right for you, where the atmosphere of the garden appeared to total more than the sum(总和) of its parts？_1_But it doesnt happen by accident.It starts with looking inside yourself and understanding who you are with respect to the natural world and how you approach the gardening process._2_Some people may think that a garden is no more than plants, flowers, patterns and masses of color.Others are concerned about using gardening methods that require less water and fewer fertilizers(肥料)_3_However, there are a number of other reasons that might explain why you want to garden.One of them comes from our earliest years.Recall(回忆)your childhood memoriesOur model of what a garden should be often goes back to childhood.Grandmas rose garden and Dads vegetable garden might be good or bad, but thats not whats important._4_how being in those gardens made us feel.If youd like to build a powerful bond with your garden, start by taking some time to recall the gardens of your youth._5_Then go outside and work out a plan to translate your childhood memories into your grownup garden.Have fun.AKnow why you gardenBFind a good place for your own gardenCIts our experience of the garden that mattersDIts delightful to see so many beautiful flowersEStill others may simply enjoy being outdoors and close to plantsFYou can produce that kind of magical quality in your own garden, tooGFor each of those gardens, write down the strongest memory you havePassage 3(2016全国)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Everyone knows that fish is good for health._1_But it seems that many people dont cook fish at home.Americans eat only about fifteen pounds of fish per person per year, but we eat twice as much fish in restaurants as at home.Buying, storing, and cooking fish isnt difficult._2_This text is about how to buy and cook fish in an easy way._3_Fresh fish should smell sweet: you should feel that youre standing at the oceans edge.Any fishy or strong smell means the fish isnt fresh._4_When you have bought a fish and arrive home, youd better store the fish in the refrigerator if you dont cook it immediately, but fresh fish should be stored in your fridge for only a day or two.Frozen fish isnt as tasty as the fresh one.There are many common methods used to cook fish._5_First，clean it and season it with your choice of spices(调料)Put the whole fish on a plate and steam it in a steam pot for 8 to 10 minutes if it weighs about one pound.(A larger one will take more time.)Then，its ready to serve.ADo not buy it.BThe easiest is to steam it.CThis is how you can do it.DIt just requires a little knowledge.EThe fish will go bad within hours.FWhen buying fish，you should first smell it.GThe fats in fish are thought to help prevent heart disease.Passage 4(2016北京)根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。The Science of RiskSeekingSometimes we decide that a little unnecessary danger is worth it because when we weigh the risk and the reward，the risk seems worth taking._1_ Some of us enjoy activities that would surprise and scare the r