科技论文题 目：基于PIC单片机光伏控制器的设计 系 别 电子技术学院 专 业 光伏应用技术 班 级 学生姓名 学 号 2017年 12 月Based on PIC MCU of design for PV controllerAbstract: The full name of solar controller is solar charge and discharge controller, which is used in solar power system to control the solar battery (square matrix) to charge the battery, and the battery to the solar inverter load automatic control equipment. PIC microcontroller photovoltaic controller, it is lightweight, highly maneuverable. Design mainly from the controller requirements, the controller hardware circuit design, the controller software circuit design and debugging and summary of four aspects. After a series of experiments, the following conclusions are drawn: The PIC12F675 single-chip microcomputer as a control chip in the photovoltaic controller has the advantages of reliable solution, stable performance, high conversion efficiency, convenient and reliable, good practicability, low cost and safety, and effective implementation The rational use of solar energy resources to meet user needs.Key words: PIC microcontroller; photovoltaic controller; automatic controlForewordWith the development of science and technology, the progress of society and the improvement of human living standards, non-renewable resources on the earth will also be consumed continuously. As a result, people will consider looking for renewable clean energy, so the solar energy is slowly developed. At present, solar power generation is a mainstream in todays world, and there are a variety of photovoltaic products on the market such as solar roofs, solar calculators, solar chargers and the like. These products have a photovoltaic power generation system, then in the photovoltaic power generation system, photovoltaic controller is one of the important components. What kind of PV controller to meet peoples needs? Of course, stable performance, high conversion efficiency, convenient and reliable, practicality, safety and low cost of PIC microcontroller PV controller. This raises the question of how such a PV controller should be designed. Therefore, the following design is provided. 一、 Requirements of Controller1、The controller to achieve the basic functions Battery overcharge and over discharge protectionOvercharge protection: When the charging voltage is higher than the protection voltage, the battery is automatically shut off. After that, when the voltage drops to the maintenance voltage, the battery enters the floating state. When the voltage drops below the recovery voltage, it floats off and enters the fully charged state.Over-discharge protection: When the battery voltage is lower than the protection voltage, the controller automatically shut down the output to protect the battery from damage; when the battery is recharged, but also automatically restore power supply. Automatic recovery discharge functionAuto-recovery discharge function refers to the function of the controller that automatically helps to restore normal discharge after over-discharge of the battery. Prevent the battery and solar battery reverse functionBattery + - polarity reversed, the fuse blown, after replacement can continue to use.2、The controller circuit parameters Maximum charge current (A): 5The maximum charge current is the maximum current the controller is charging. Maximum discharge current (A): 5The maximum discharge current is the maximum current when the controller is in a discharged state. Battery rated voltage (V): 12Battery for a long time the best working voltage, rated voltage is also known as the nominal voltage. When the battery voltage is higher than the rated voltage easily damaged equipment, and below the rated voltage will not be normal power supply. Solar cell rated output voltage (V): 18The best output voltage of the solar cell during normal operation is called the rated output voltage of the solar cell. Solar cell maximum open circuit voltage (V): 25The solar cell is placed in the AM1.5 spectral conditions, 100 mW / cm2 light source irradiation, open both ends, the maximum output voltage of the solar cell. Overcharge voltage (V): 14.8Overcharge voltage is more than the rated voltage of the battery, the charging voltage within a short time. Over discharge voltage (V): 10.8Over-discharge voltage is more than the rated voltage of the battery, a short period of discharge voltage.二、 Design of Photovoltaic Controller Hardware CircuitThe PV controller system uses the rated output voltage of 18V photovoltaic panels, equipped with 12V battery, PV panel power and battery capacity can be determined according to actual needs, taking into account the charging time and the length of time for electricity to be reasonable With, such as the rated output power of 10W photovoltaic panels with 10Ah battery more appropriate.Photovoltai