外文资料The crank processes specification anddevelopment directionThe crank processes specificationThe crank specification is very high, its machine-finishing technological process different and the crank complex degree has the very big difference along with the production guiding principle, but includes following several main stages generally: Localization datum processing; Thick, lathe finishing and rough grinding each host neck and other outer annuluses; Che Lianjing; Drills the oil hole; Correct grinding each host neck and other outer annuluses; Correct grinding Lian Jing; Big, capitellum and key slot processing; Journal surface treatment; Transient equilibrium; Super finishing various journals.May see, the main neck or Lian Jing the turning working procedure all separates with the grinding working procedure, is often middle arrangement some different machined surfaces or the heterogeneity working procedure. After the rough machining can have the distortion, therefore the normal force reduces gradually; Because simultaneously thick, the precision work working procedure carries on separately before, the latter working procedure has the possibility to eliminate the working procedure error, finally obtains the very high precision and the very low roughness. Thick, the precision work separates, and arranges the alignment working procedure behind the cutting force big working procedure, guarantees the processing precision.In order to reduce the distortion which the cutting force causes, guaranteed when precision work precision request, correct grinding various journals, uses the single grinding wheel in turn grinding generally.The journal processing requests high, the main neck and the neck uses continually processes many times.Crank machining development directionAlong with our country numerical control engine bed unceasing increase, the crank rough machining will be widespread uses in the numerical control lathe, the numerical control the milling machine, the numerical control vehicle broaching machine and so on the advanced equipment to the main journal, the connecting rod journal carries on the numerical control turning, in the milling, the vehicle - broaching processing, by will effectively reduce the amount of deformity which the crank will process. The crank precision work will be widespread uses the CNC control the crankshaft grinding to carry on the correct grinding processing to its journal, this kind of grinder will provide grinding wheel automatic function requests and so on transient equilibrium installment, center rest automatic tracking unit, automatic survey, self-compensating system, grinding wheel automatic conditioning, permanent link speed, will guarantee the grinding quality the stability.In order to satisfy the processing request which the crank enhances day by day, set the very high request to the crankshaft grinding. The modern crankshaft grinding except must have the very high static state, the dynamic rigidity and outside the very high processing precision, but also requests to have the very high grinding efficiency and more flexibilities. In recent years, requested the crankshaft grinding to have the stable processing precision, for this, had stipulated to the crankshaft grinding process capability coefficient Cp1.67, this meant requested the crankshaft grinding the actual processing common difference to have the common difference which assigned compared to the crank small one half. Along with the modern actuation and the control technology, the survey control, CBN (cubic boron nitride) the grinding wheel and the advanced engine bed part application, for the crankshaft grinding high accuracy, the highly effective abrasive machining has created the condition. One kind calls it the connecting rod neck follow-up grinding craft. Has manifested these new technical synthesis application concrete achievement. This kind of follow-up grinding craft may obviously enhance the crank connecting rod neck the grinding efficiency, the processing precision and the processing flexibility. When carries on the follow-up grinding to the connecting rod neck, the crank take the main journal as the spool thread carries on revolving, and clamps the grinding all connecting rod neck in an attire. In the grinding process, the wheelhead realization reciprocation swing feed, tracks the biased rotation connecting rod neck to carry on the abrasive machining. Must realize the follow-up grinding, X axis besides must have the high dynamic performance, but also must have the enough tracking accuracy, guarantees the shape common difference which the connecting rod neck requests. The CBN grinding wheel application realizes the connecting rod neck follow-up grinding important condition. Because the CBN grinding wheel resistance to wear is high, in the grinding process medium plain emery wheel diameter is nearly invariable, a conditioning may the grinding 600800 cranks. The CBN grinding wheel also may u