上海市交通大学附属中学2018-2019学年高一英语下学期期中试题（含解析）第I卷. Grammar and Vocabulary (28+10+10”)Section ADirections: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence.1._ has been done to develop the habit of reading aloud in the morning, his pronunciation remains a serious problem.A. In spite of thatB. Despite whatC. Although heD. Though what【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查介词和连接代词。句意：尽管已经采取了措施来培养早晨大声朗读的习惯，但是他的发音仍然是个严重的问题。分析句子可知，despite为介词后接宾语从句作宾语，宾语从句中缺少主语，所以由连词代词what来充当宾语从句的主语。故选B项。2._ is the centre of our planetary system was a difficult concept to grasp in the Middle Ages.A. Its the sun and not the earthB. The sun and not the earthC. Being the sun and not the earthD. That the sun and not the earth【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查主语从句。句意：太阳而不是地球是我们行星系统的中心，这在中世纪是一个很难理解的概念。分析句子可知，整个句子为主系表结构，was为系动词，它之前的都为主语，且主语由句子来充当，句子结构以及句意完整，所以连词代词为that。故选D项。【点睛】当that用作连接词，引导名词性从句时，可引导主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句，that在从句中既不充当任何成分，也无实际意义，仅起着连接句子的作用。一般不可省略。分析句子可知，整个句子为主系表结构，was为系动词，它之前的都为主语，且主语由句子来充当，句子结构以及句意完整，所以连词代词为that。故选D项。3.It is far better for one to drink milk, _ one gets health nutrients, than to drink coffee, _ contains no nutrients at all.A. that whichB. which whichC. which thatD. from which which【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查介词+关系代词和关系代词。句意：对一个人来说，喝牛奶比喝咖啡要好得多，因为牛奶能给人带来健康的营养，而咖啡根本不含营养。分析句子可知， milk为先行词，在后面的非限制性定语从句作from的宾语。再分析句子， coffee为先行词，在后面的非限制性定语中作contain的主语。所以第一个空为from which, 第二个空为which。故选D项。【点睛】定语从句中关系词的选择可考虑以下三点：(1) 一看先行词的意义，即分清先行词是指人、指物、时间、地点还是原因(如指物时不能用who或whom，指人时通常不用which等。(2) 二看关系词的句法功能，即分清关系词是担任什么句子成分，是作主语还是宾语、是作定语还是状语等(如作定语通常用whose，有时也用which；作状语要用when, where, why。(3) 三看定语从句的种类，即分清是限制性定语从句还是非限制性定语从句(如that和why通常不引导非限制性定语从句。分析句子可知， milk为先行词，在后面的非限制性定语从句作from的宾语。再分析句子， coffee为先行词，在后面的非限制性定语中作contain的主语。所以第一个空为from which, 第二个空为which。故选D项。4.It is important that parents know of any situation _ can be of great significance to their childrens behavior and school performance.A. whichB. where itC. whatD. that【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查关系代词。句意：重要的是，家长应该知道任何对孩子的行为和在校表现有重大意义的情况。分析句子可知，situation为先行词，且被any修饰，在后面的限制性定语从句中作主语，所以关系代词只能为that。故选D项。【点睛】定语从句只用that的情况1. 当先行词是everything, anything, nothing （something 除外）, all, none, few, little, some等不定代词时，或当先行词受every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much等词修饰时。2. 当先行词被序数词修饰时。3. 当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时。4. 当先行词被the very, the only, the first / last等修饰时。5. 当先行词前面有who, which等疑问代词时。6. 当先行词为人与动物或人与物时。分析句子可知，situation为先行词，且被any修饰，在后面的限制性定语从句中，作主语，所以关系代词只能为that。故选D项。5.When they went into the shop and asked to look at the engagement rings, the shop assistant brought out a cheap one, _ she has arranged with James.A. which was thatB. what was thatC. which was whatD. that was that【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查关系代词和连接代词。句意：当他们走进商店，要求看一下订婚戒指时，服务员拿出一个便宜的，事先她与詹姆斯已经安排好的那个。分析句子可知，a cheap one为先行词，在后面的非限制性定语从句作主语，所以关系代词为which，定语从句为主系表结构，was为系动词，后接从句作表语，在表语从句中，arrange缺少宾语，所以由what来充当宾语。故选C项。【点睛】what常用来引导名词性从句，即主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句和同位语从句.what在引导名词性从句时有两个重要的特点：一是它在相应的名词性从句中一定有含义，常表示“什么”，“所的”，“的样子”等。二是它在相应的名词性从句中一定做成分，而且常做主语，宾语或表语。分析句子可知，a cheap one为先行词，在后面的非限制性定语从句作主语，所以关系代词为which，定语从句为主系表结构，was为系动词，后接从句作表语，表语从句中，arrange缺少宾语，所以由what来充当宾语。故选C项。6.It was with deep sadness that the House of Chanel announced the passing of Karl Lagerfeld, _ talent for all the branding campaigns related to fashion it benefited since 1987.A. of whichB. whoseC. of whomD. from whose【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查介词和关系代词。句意：House of Chanel深感悲伤地宣布卡尔拉格菲尔德的去世，卡尔拉格菲尔德自1987年以来一直致力于所有与时尚相关的品牌宣传活动，令香奈儿受益匪浅。分析句子可知，本句有两个定语从句。Karl Lagerfeld为先行词，作talent的定语。所以关系代词为whose。在分析第二个定语从句，it benefited from 缺少宾语，所以whose talent for all the branding campaigns related to fashion 又作from的宾语。故选D项。7.Who _ for the US government shutdown after President Donald Trump and the US Congress failed to pass the bill to extend federal funding?A. you suppose to blameB. do you suppose to blameC. you suppose is to blameD. do you suppose is to blame【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查插入语。句意：在唐纳德特朗普总统和美国国会未能就延长联邦资金的法案达成一致之后，你认为谁应该为美国政府的关闭负责。分析句子可知，do you suppose 为插入语，后面句子为陈述语序。故选D项。8. A modern city has been set up in_was wasteland ten years ago.A. whatB. whichC. thatD. where【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查名词性从句连接代词。句意：十年前是一片荒地的地方建起了一座现代化的城市。该空所填词要作介词in的宾语，且作从句的主语，由此可以排除B，因为where是关系副词，只能作状语。连接代词what引导一个宾语从句，“是一个什么样的地方”。故选A。9.If he had a real talent for painting, a painter he should be; if not, he must take to some other craft, _he would have the chance of making himself a decent livelihood.A. whereB. whichC. whatD. when【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查关系副词。句意： 如果他真的有绘画天赋，他应该是一个画家;如果没有的话，他就必须改行谋生，在那里他有机会过上体面的生活。分析句子可知，craft为先行词，在后面的定语从句中作地点状语，所以关系副词为where。故选A项。10.The order came the soldiers the small village the next morning.A. that; had to leaveB. that; should leaveC. /; must leaveD. when; should leave【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查从句连词和虚拟语气。句意：士兵们第二天早上离开这个小村子这个命令传来。第一空为同位语从句，作order的同位语，从句