2022年考博英语-浙江大学考试题库及全真模拟冲刺卷（含答案带详解）1. 单选题Classroom testing, if well done, most certainly （ ） a stimulus to study and real learning.问题1选项A.acts forB.acts onC.acts asD.acts to【答案】C【解析】动词词组辨析。acts for代理；acts on对起作用；按照行事；acts as作为，担当；acts to，无此搭配。根据句意：课堂测试如果做得好，肯定会刺激真正的学习。这里指classroom testing作为a stimulus的手段。所以选项C符合句意。2. 单选题Its disturbing to note how many of crimes we do know about were detected（ ）, not by systematic inspections or other security procedures.问题1选项A.by accidentB.on scheduleC.in generalD.at intervals【答案】A【解析】by accident偶然，意外地；on schedule按时；in general通常，一般而言，总之；at intervals不时。句意：令人不安的是，我们所知道的许多罪行都是偶然发现的，而不是通过系统的检查或其他安全程序发现的。选项A符合句意。3. 单选题Not all persons arrested and（ ）with a crime are guilty, and the main function of criminal courts is to determine who is guilty under the law.问题1选项A.sentencedB.accusedC.persecutedD.charged【答案】D【解析】sentenced判决，审判；accused指控，控告；persecuted迫害； charged指控，控告。句意：并非所有被逮捕和被指控犯罪的人都是有罪的，刑事法院的主要职能是根据法律确定谁是有罪的。 accused和 charged都有指控的意思，但是accused不能与介词with搭配，而应与of搭配，所以选项D正确。4. 单选题Women want the same pay if they hold the same jobs as men. At home, however, they do not expect their husbands to ( ) in the housework.问题1选项A.doB.haveC.shareD.divide【答案】C【解析】句意：如果妇女从事与男子相同的工作，她们希望得到相同的报酬。然而，在家里，她们不指望丈夫分担家务。Share in为常用搭配，表示分享，分担。选项C符合句意。5. 翻译题1999年，中国开始进入老龄化社会。2004年年底, 60岁以上的人口达到1.43亿，占全国人口总数的10.97%。至此，中国成为世界上拥有最多老龄人口的国家。有专家说1990年到2033年是中国的“人口红利”(population bonus)期, 出生率下降，老龄人口还不算太多，这一时期是有助于经济发展的。2010年到2013年中国劳动力人口将达到9亿人，在这之后“红利”会变成“赤字”，也就是说，这以后需要照顾的老龄人口会迅速增加。据说2030年后的二十年是中国老龄化最严峻的时期。因此，要做好充分准备，好好利用人口红利期来解决严重的老龄化问题。有报告称，中国是典型的成为富裕国家前就面临老龄化社会的国家。这是长期的问题，也需要很长时间才能解决。中国一直坚持计划生育政策，人口增长的趋势得到了有效的控制。据估计，中国到2030年的总人口将达到14. 65亿，届时会面临老龄化和人口出生率下降两大压力，这也一定会给国家的经济和社会发展带来巨大的压力。这份报告还指出，中国在解决老龄化问题的意识、条件及法规上都严重滞后，因此，必须把这个问题的解决纳人到未来国家发展策略中。我们要及早关注老龄化人口的医疗资源，完善社会保障体系。在老龄人口达到顶峰前，建立一个健全的国家性社会保障机制。【答案】Since 1999, China has entered into a situation of the aging society. There will be 143 million Chinese aged 60 or over, accounting for 10. 97 percent of the population to the end of 2004. At this point, China became the country who have the largest number of Aging population. Some experts say that it is Chinas population bonus between 1990 and 2033 when birthrate is decreased and the number of old people is not too much, which helps to develop the economies.The total working age population will reach 900 million from 2010 to 2013. After that, the “population bonus” will turn “demographic deficit”, which means that caring for the increasing number of elderly people will grows rapidly. It is said that the worst of the crisis for Chinas aging population hit the twenty years after 2030. Therefore, we should be well prepared so as to deal with the serious problem of agedness by making full use of population dividend.China is the typical country facing the aging population before being rich one according to a report. Its going to be a perennial problem and could take a long time to resolve. China has stuck to its family-planning policy to efficiently control the tendency of increasing population. It is estimated that Chinas total population will reach 1.465 billion in 2030 when the government would face an aging population and a decreased birthrate, which will also block the development of economy and society.The report also points out that for china there are serious lags in the consciousness, the reality of conditions and the relevant regulations about aging population, and thus we should put it into the overall national development strategic layout. We should pay more attention to the medical resources on the aging populations as early as possible, improve the social safety net, and set up the all-sided guaranteeing system before the aging population reaches the peak.6. 单选题Television 一 that most pervasive (遍布的)and persuasive of modern technologies, marked by rapid change and growth is moving into a new era, an era of extraordinary sophistication and versatility, which promises to reshape our lives and our world. It is an electronic revolution of sorts, made possible by the marriage of television and computer technologies.The word “television”, derived from its Greek (tele: distant) and Latin (vision: sight) roots, can literally be interpreted as sight from a distance. Very simply put, it works in this way: through a sophisticated system of electronics, television provides the capability of converting an image (focused on a special photo conductive plate within a camera) into electronics impulses, which can be sent through a wire or a cable. These impulses, when fed into a receiver (television set), can then be electronically reconstituted into that same image.Television is more than just an electronics system, however. It is a means of expression, as well as a vehicle for communi