初中英语之情态动词一、 情态动词的特征1、 有一定的词义，但不能单独做谓语，必须和行为动词或系动词连用构成谓语。2、 无人称和数的变化（have to除外）如：He must stay here.He has to stay here.3、 情态动词后接动词原形 如：She may lose her way.4、 具有助动词的作用，可用来构成否定句、疑问句及用于简明答语。如：Can you sing an English song?一Yes, I can.二、 情态动词的用法1、 can/could （1）表能力“能，会”be able to Eg, Can you play basketball? （2）表怀疑、猜测“可能”（常用于否定句或疑问句中） cant 不可能 Eg. She cant be in the room. (3) 表请求或允许“可以”（多用于口语中） Eg. You can go now. Can I come in ?Yes, you can./ No, you cant.注：以can开头的一般疑问句，其肯定回答和否定回答分别用can和cant be able to 表某一特定情况下成功做到某事2、 may/might (1)表怀疑、猜测“可能”(常用于肯定句中) may not 可能不 Eg. He may come back tomorrow. He may not come back tomorrow. (2)表请求或许可“可以”Eg . May I come in ? Yes, you can No, you cant/ mustnt.注：may表请求，用于主语为第一人陈的一般疑问句时，其否定回答用mustt 或cant,不用may not ,译为“不可以、不许、禁止”maybe 与 maybe Maybe常置于句首=perhaps， may be 常置于句中 be 如：Maybe he is a student. He may be a student.3、 Must (1)表猜测“一定”（一般用于肯定句） 否定：cant “不可能” There is someone knocking on the door, It must be June.否定：It cant be June. (2)表“必须”否定：neednt/dont have to Eg. You must finish the work today. 否定：You neednt finish the work today. Must I go there with you ? Yes， you must. (No , you neednt/ dont have to)注：Must I ? Yes， you must. (No , you neednt/ dont have to)must 与 have to have/has to 强调客观需要“必须，不得不” Must 表主管意愿“必须”4、 should 表义务、责任“应当”=ought to do(否定:ought not to do) Eg. As students, we should study hard.5、 Shall 用于第一人称，表征求意见、询问 Shall I open the door? 用于第二、三人称，表警告、名利、允诺等 You shall hand in your papers when the bell rings.6、 need (1)作实义动词：有人称和数的变化，可用于肯定、否定或疑问句Eg, He needs to finish the work with his sister. He doesnt need to Does he need to finish？主动形式表被动意义 need doing=need to be done Eg. The bike needs to be repaired.=the bike needs repairing.（2） 作情态动词 无人称和数的变化；只用于否定句或疑问句中 Eg He neednt go there now.注：Need he go there now? Yes, he must./No, you neednt.7、 Will 用于第二人称，表询问、请求，也可表示现在的意愿，如：Will you pass me the book?8、 would 用于表示过去的意愿或委婉的询问，如：Would you tell me the way to the post office?2014年全国部分省市中考英语试题汇编：单项选择情态动词和系动词一、情态动词【2014铜仁】Must I water the flowers now, mum? No, you . You do it later.A. mustnt; must B. mustnt; may C. neednt; may D. neednt; must【答案】【2014连云港】 I know by what time you want the project to be done?By the day after tomorrow. you finish it on time?A. May; Can B. Must; Need C. Could; Must D. Need; Would【答案】A【2014长沙】Whos singing in the garden? It be Mr. Brown. He always practices singing at this time. A. must B. cant C. need【答案】A【2014河北】I _ follow you. Would you please repeat it? A. cant B. mustnt C. neednt D. shouldnt 【答案】A【2014北京】Must I hand in my homework now, Mr. Smith? No, you _. A. cant B. shouldnt C. wouldnt D. neednt【答案】D【2014扬州】Excuse me, may I keep the book a little longer? Sorry. You _ return it today. A. must B. mustnt C. can D. cant【答案】A【2014黔西南州】Is the man over there Mr. Brown? It _ him. He has gone to Brazil to watch the 2014 FIFA World Cup. A. may not B. cant be C. shouldnt D. mustnt 【答案】B【2014重庆市A】Children _ sit in the front seat of a car. Its too dangerous.A. need B. neednt C. must D. mustnt【答案】D 【2014安徽】I forgot to bring my dictionary. Could I use yours? Yes, you _.A. canB. mustC. couldD. should【答案】A 来源:学,科,网Z,X,X,K【2014重庆市B】The man is feeling much better now, so you _ call a doctor.A. neednt B. cant C. mustnt D. shouldnt【答案】A 【2014杭州】If you _ smoke, please go outside. A. canB. mayC. mustD. might【答案】【2014东营】After you read the article “Why fast food is slowly killing you”, you stop eating fast food. A. can B. may C. have to D. should【答案】B【2014天津】Look at the “No parking” sign. You _park your car here.A. should B. must C. neednt D. mustnt【答案】D【2014南昌】We _ pay to get into the concert. Its free.A. cant B. mustnt C. might not D. dont have to【答案】D【2014苏州】May I take this magazine out of the reading room?No, you _. You read it in here.A. mightnt B. wont C. neednt D. mustnt【答案】D【2014宁波】_ you leave now? You only arrived here an hour ago.Sorry, but so much homework is waiting for me.A. May B. Must C. Can D. Might 【答案】B【2014甘肃白银】Must I go to law school and be a lawyer like you, dad?