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2022年12月六级翻译指导及练习(3)挨次法翻译不转变原文表达语序,不会影响对原文内容的理解。例1 即使在我们关掉床头灯甜甜地进入梦乡时,电仍旧为我们工作:开动电冰箱,把水加热,或使室内空调机连续运转。译文: Even when we turn off the bedside lamp and are fast asleep , electricity is working for us, driving our refrigerators, heating our water, or keeping our rooms air-conditioned.在句子中,句子前半局部是一个让步状语从句,后半句的“开动“,“加热“,“使.运转“都是“电在为我们工作“的详细内容。因而在译文中,译者将这三个并行动作处理成了V-ing 形式,补充说明working的内容。译文根据原句的语序完全传达了原文的意思,采纳挨次法翻译,到达了“准确,通顺“的目的。例2 It was a Saturday evening, when Tom was lying on the bench of the school listening to a blackbird and composing a lyric, that he saw the girls running among the trees, with the red-cheeked Joe in swift pursuit.译文: 那是周六的黄昏,汤姆正躺在学校的长凳上,一面听画眉鸟唱歌,一面写一首抒情诗,突然观察女孩子们在树林里奔驰,后面紧跟着那红脸的乔。原句里一连串消失了一系列的动词如:lying, listening, composing, saw,这是按汤姆进展这些动作的先后挨次来描述的,假如在译文中打乱这些挨次,就反而会显得凌乱,没有规律。逆序法逆序法依据目标语使用者表达习惯与目标语读者的认知力量,按原文语序反向翻译,以便更好地传达原文的内容。例3 他常常做礼拜的时候,总坐在固定的座位上,可是那天他们发觉他不坐在老地方。请读者比拟下面两句译文,你认为哪一句较好?译文1:When he attended worship, he always took a certain seat, but they found that he took a different one that day.译文2:They remarked how he took a different seat from that which he usually occupied when he chose to attend worship.两种译文都忠实传达了原文内容。第一种为挨次翻译,其次种为逆序翻译。第一种显得有些冗长拖沓,且前后简洁句主语不全都(前半句主语为he,后半句主语是they),给人表述混乱之感。其次种由于采纳了逆序法将原句意思用一个复合句表达出来,内容清楚,构造紧凑。挨次法和逆序法主要是针对翻译长句而言,六级新题型汉译英题不会涉及此类译法,但作为翻译策略之一,应有所了解。Exercise Three1.We wish to convey to you _ (我们诚心的庆贺).2. _(无论从哪一方面考虑),they ought to be given another chance.3. _(随着时间的消逝),.they forgot their bitter sufferings.4.We must _(使自己适应)the demands of our times; otherwise well fall behind the other industrialized nations of the world.5.The number of the students in the city has _ (增加了五倍) in comparison with 2001.1. our hearty congratulations解析:全句意为:我们盼望向你表达我们诚心的祝愿。主要考察词是“诚心的“。hearty 表示发自内心的,诚心的,亲切的,热闹的意思。如:a hearty welcome(热闹的欢送);a hearty invitation(真诚的邀请);a hearty support(全力的支持。另外,“盼望(做)某事“可以说成:wish to do sth./ wish + sth.2. Taking everything into consideration解析:此题考察的是反面表达法。“无论从哪一方面考虑“即:方方面面都考虑到。“考虑“的短语表达有:take sth. into consideration /take sth. into account 。由于此句主句已给出,所以take应用现在分词的形式,在句中作缘由状语。本句采纳反译法,使译文符合英文表达习惯。3. With the passage of time解析: 此题是考察固定搭配,“时间消逝“应译为 the passing / passage of time ,“随着“应选用介词with,请看例句:We grow older with the hours.(我们随着时间消逝而长大。)4. adapt ourselves to解析:本句意为:我们必需使自己适应这个时代的要求,否则就会落后于世界其他工业国家。主要考察“使.适应“ 的用法:adapt to / adapt sb. to,如:adapt themselves to city life(使他们适应城市生活);You should adapt yourself to the new environment.(你应当适应新环境)。adapt 除了有“使适应“含义外,还有“改编,改写“之意。考生也常将adapt 和 adopt相混淆。adopt有“接受,承受,领养“之意。5. increased 6 times解析:此题考察关于倍数的说法。“增加了5倍“即增加到6倍。用times与fold表示“增加“时,要留意英语要多说一倍。如Output of coal increased four times(或fourfold).(媒产量增加了3倍)。
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