2022年考博英语-昆明理工大学考试内容及全真模拟冲刺卷（附带答案与详解）1. 单选题How might we stabilize the composition of the atmosphere? That question looms large in the eyes of scientists and political leaders as the levels of carbon dioxide grow. Carbon dioxide and methane have long lives in the atmosphere and, once they are there, Earth may be destined to become warmer. If we find that the climate is becoming too warm, there is no easy or rapid way to remove the gases and return to an earlier climate pattern.We may be able to control fossil fuel use and rates of deforestation, but there is no direct way to control the acceleration of decay except by stopping the warming. To stabilize the composition of the atmosphere immediately, we would have to cut present release about 4 billion tons of carbon annually. It is not now possible to accomplish this without reducing both deforestation and our consumption of fossil fuels.Most scientists believe that if immediate global action is not taken, the rapid increases of atmospheric carbon from decay will exceed the reductions made possible through control of fossil fuel use and management of forests. In 1990, the United Nations gathered many scientists from around the world to review these issues. This group, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, concluded that an immediate 60 percent reduction in fossil fuel use would be necessary. But by April 1992, no nation had accepted the goal, though several had recognized a need for reducing emissions by 20 percent.At the Earth Summit in June 1992, leaders from most industrialized nations agreed in principle to return to earlier levels of carbon dioxide emissions though opposition from the United States prevented them from agreeing to specific targets for emissions, as many scientists had hoped. The leaders also agreed to assist developing nations in limiting their releases of greenhouse gases.Human beings are only one of millions of organisms sufficiently different one another to be recognized as species. Until the 1980s, scientists estimated that there were between 3 million and 10 million species on Earth. Then, scientists began to examine populations of insects living in the high foliage of trees in tropical forest, and the experience caused them to increase their estimate to 30 million species. After scientists began to consider the populations of microorganisms in the tropics, the upper limit of their estimates rose to 10(J million species. We shall probably never have an accurate count of the different kinds of organisms that share our planet.We do know, however, that these species plants and animals together keep the planet functioning as a habitat suitable for all. We also know that human activities are reducing both the numbers of species on Earth and the potential of land and water for supporting them. This process is commonly called biotic impoverishment the loss of the rich biological of Earth.1.The reason why it is not easy to correct global warming is that（ ）.2.To stop the global warming, we have to（ ）.3.It is implied that, at the 1992 Earth Summit,（ ）.4.Which of the following is true about species on earth?5.The text is mainly about（ ）.问题1选项A.most scientists and political leaders have not awakened to the severity of the problemB.deforestation is rampant in many parts of the worldC.there is no easy way to restore the atmosphere to its normal state once damagedD.the United States is unwilling to cut down on its carbon dioxide emissions问题2选项A.cut both deforestation and use of fossil fuelsB.remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphereC.find a new source of energy other than fossil fuelD.cut present releases to 4 billion tons of carbon a year问题3选项A.many scientists had hoped specific targets for emissions might be reachedB.the U.S. showed its unwillingness to reduce the level of carbon dioxide emissionsC.several countries had recognized a need for reducing emissions by 20 percentD.most countries promised to cut their carbon dioxide emissions to earlier levels问题4选项A.There are about 100 million of them on earth.B.About one third of them are found in tropical forest.C.The human population has well exceeded that of other species.D.Human and other species are closely linked for survival.问题5选项A.the survival of diverse species on earthB.the prevention of global warmingC.the biotic impoverishmentD.the composition of the atmosphere【答案】第1题:C第2题:A第3题:D第4题:D第5题:B【解析】1.细节事实题。由文章第一段中的there is no easy or rapid way to remove the gases and return to an earlier climate pattern（没有一种简单或快速的方法可以清除这些气体并恢复到早期的气候模式）可知选C。2.细节事实题。由文章第二段中的To stabilize the composition of the atmosphere immediately, we would have to cut present release about 4 billion tons of carbon annually. It is not now possible to accomplish this without reducing both deforestation and our consumption of fossil fuels.（为了立