2022年考博英语-扬州大学考试题库及全真模拟冲刺卷（含答案带详解）1. 单选题There is not the woman born who desires to eat the bread of dependence, no matter ( ) from the hand of father, husband, or brother; for any one who does so eat her bread places herself in the power of the person（ ）she takes it.问题1选项A.whether they be. from whichB.whether it be.from whomC.would they be.from whomD.would it befrom which【答案】B【解析】考查语法结构。句意：世上没有生来就想靠别人吃饭的女人，无论是靠父亲、丈夫还是兄弟；因为任何一个人这样做的话，就是将自己置于施舍之人的权利之下。根据句意可知，第一空主要是需要明确from的主语应该是“the bread”，所以应该用单数形式的it来指代，由此可排除选项A和选项C；其次第二空的先行词是the person，关系代词应该用whom，所以选项B正确。2. 单选题Science is a dominant theme in our culture. Since it touches almost every facet of our life, educated people need at least some acquaintance with its structure and operation. They should also have an understanding of the subculture in which scientists live and the kinds of people they are. An understanding of general characteristics of science as well as specific scientific concepts is easier to attain if one knows something about the things that excite and frustrate the scientist.This book is written for the intelligent student or lay person whose acquaintance with science is superficial; for the person who has been presented with science as a musty storehouse of dried facts; for the person who sees the chief objective of science as the production of gadgets; and for the person who views the scientists as some sort of magician. The book can be used to supplement a course in any science, to accompany any course that attempts to give an understanding of the modern world, or - independently of any course - simply to provide a better understanding of science. We hope this book will lead readers to a broader perspective on scientific attitudes and a more realistic view of what science is, who scientists are, and what they do. It will give them an awareness and understanding of the relationship between science and our culture and an appreciation of the roles science may play in our culture. In addition, readers may learn to appreciate the relationship between scientific views and some of I he values and philosophies that are pervasive in our culture.We have tried to present in this book an accurate and up-to-date picture of the scientific community and the people who populate it. That population has in recent years come to comprise more and more women. This increasing role of women in the scientific subculture is not an unique incident but, rather, part of the trend evident in all segments of society as more women enter traditionally male-dominated fields and make significant contributions. In discussing these changes and contribution, however, we are faced with a language that is implicitly sexist, one that uses male nouns or pronouns in referring to unspecified individuals. To offset this built-in bias, we have adopted the policy of using plural nouns and pronouns whenever possible and, when absolutely necessary, alternating he and she. This policy is far from being ideal, but it is at least an acknowledgment of the inadequacy of our language in treating half of the human race equally.We have also tried to make the book entertaining as well as informative. Our approach is usually informal. We feel, as do many other scientists, that we shouldnt take ourselves too seriously. As the reader may observe, we see science as a delightful pastime rather than as a grim and dreary way to earn a living.1.According to the passage, scientific subculture means（ ）.2.We need to know something about the structure and operation of science because（ ）.3.The book mentioned in this passage is written for readers who（ ）.4.According to this passage,（ ）.5.This passage most probably is（ ）.问题1选项A.cultural groups that arc formed by scientists.B.people whose knowledge of science is very limited.C.the scientific community.D.people who make good contribution to science.问题2选项A.it is not easy to understand the things that excite and frustrate scientists.B.Science affects almost every aspect of our life.C.Scientists live in a specific subculture.D.It is easier to understand general characteristics of science.问题3选项A.are intelligent college students and lay person who do not know much about science.B.are good at producing various gadgets.C.work in a storehouse of dried facts.D.want to have a superficial understanding of science.问题4选项A.English is a sexist language.B.only in the scientific world is the role of women increasing rapidly.C.women are making significant contributions to eliminating the inadequacy of our language.D.male nouns or pronouns should not be used to refer to scientists.问题5选项A.a book review,B.the preface of a book.C.the postscript of a book.D.the concluding part of a book.【答案】第1题:C第2题:B第3题:A第4题:D第5题:B【解析】1.语义推断题。根据关键词“scientific subculture”可定位到第三段的内容“我们试图在这本书中呈现一个准