2022年考博英语-西北工业大学考前模拟强化练习题（附答案详解）1. 单选题With her last child having left home, she felt a（ ）need to fill her time.问题1选项A.tenseB.thoroughC.pressingD.small【答案】C【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。tense “紧张的”；thorough “彻底的；十分的”；pressing “紧迫的；迫切的；small “小的；少的；微弱的”。句意：随着最后一个小孩离家，她迫切需要填满她的时间。选项C符合题意。2. 单选题The idea that some groups of people may be more intelligent than others is one of those hypotheses that dare not speak its name. But Gregory Cochran is （1）to say it anyway. He is that（2） bird, a scientist who works independently（3） any institution. He helped popularize the idea that some diseases not（4）thought to have a bacterial cause were actually infections, which aroused much controversy when it was first suggested.Even he, however, might tremble at the（5） of what he is about to do. Together with another two scientists, he is publishing a paper which not only（6） that one group of humanity is more intelligent than the others, but explains the process that has brought this about. The group in（7） are a particular people originated from central Europe. The process is natural selection.This group generally do well in IQ test, scoring 12-15 points above the（8） value of 100, and have contributed disproportionately to the intellectual and cultural life of the West, as the（9） of their elites, including several world-renowned scientists, affirm they also suffer more often than most people from a number of nasty genetic diseases, such as breast cancer. These facts,（10） have previously been thought unrelated. The former has been（11） social effects, such as a strong tradition of valuing education. The latter was seen as a(n)（12） of genetic isolation. Dr. Cochran suggests that the intelligence and diseases are intimately （13） . His argument is that the unusual history of these people has（14）them to unique evolutionary pressures that have resulted in this（15） state of affairs.问题1选项A.selectedB.preparedC.obligedD.pleased问题2选项A.uniqueB.particularC.specialD.rare问题3选项A.ofB.withC.inD.against问题4选项A.subsequentlyB.presentlyC.previouslyD.lately问题5选项A.thoughtB.sightC.costD.risk问题6选项A.advisesB.suggestsC.protestsD.objects问题7选项A.progressB.factC.needD.question问题8选项A.normalB.commonC.meanD.total问题9选项A.missionsB.fortunesC.interestsD.careers问题10选项A.moreoverB.thereforeC.howeverD.meanwhile问题11选项A.given upB.got overC.carried onD.get down问题12选项A.developmentB.originC.consequenceD.instrument问题13选项A.linkedB.integratedC.wovenD.combined问题14选项A.limitedB.subjectedC.convertedD.directed问题15选项A.paradoxicalB.incompatibleC.inevitableD.continuous【答案】第1题:B第2题:D第3题:A第4题:C第5题:A第6题:B第7题:D第8题:C第9题:D第10题:C第11题:C第12题:C第13题:A第14题:B第15题:A【解析】第1题:考查固定搭配。空格处前面一句提到“有些人可能比其他人聪明，这种观点是一种不敢冠之以名的假设”，由“but”这个转折词可知Gregory Cochran打算就这个观点阐述自己的道理，be prepared to 是固定搭配，意思是“准备做”，选项B符合题意。第2题:考查固定搭配。Rare bird是固定搭配，意思是“稀有之人或物”。根据后文“a scientist who works independently”（一个独自工作的科学家），可知选项D符合题意。第3题:考查固定搭配。Independently of sth.的意思是“独立于之外”。选项A符合题意。第4题:考查副词词义辨析。subsequently “随后，后来”；presently “目前；不久”；previously “先前，以前”；lately “最近，近来”。空格处所在句子的大意是：他帮助普及了一种观点，即以前被认为不是由细菌引起的疾病实际上是感染，这在最初提出来的时候受到很大争议。选项C符合题意。第5题:考查词组辨析。at the thought of “一想到”；at the sight of “一看见”；at the cost of“以为代价”；at the risk of“冒着的危险”。空格处所在句子的大意是：然而，即使是他，在想到他接下来要做的事情也会发抖。选项A符合题意。第6题:考查动词词义辨析。advise “建议，劝告”；suggest “提议，建议”；protest “抗议”；object“反对”。空格处所在句子的大意是：与另外两位科学家一起，他正在写一篇论文，文中不仅提出人类中有一群人比其他人更聪明，而且解释了为什么会这样。选项B符合题意。第7题:考查词组辨析。in progress “正在进行，在发展中”；in fact “事实上”；in need “在危难中，在穷困中的”；in question “正在讨论中的”。空格处所在句子的大意是：文中正在讨论的民族来源于中欧。选项D符合题意。第8题:考查形容词词义辨析。normal “正常的”；common “共同的，普通的”；mean “平均的”；total“全部的”。空格处所在句子的大意是：这个人群在IQ测试中表现很好，得分高于平均水平12-15分。选项C符合题意。第9题:考查名词词义辨析。mission “使命，任务”；fortune “财富，运气”；interest “兴趣”；career“职业”。根据后面的“including several world-renowned scientists”可知空格处说的是“职业”，选项D符合题意。第10题:考查逻辑关系。根据后面的“曾经被认为是没有关联的”（have previously been thought unrelated），与前面“他们更容易患像乳腺癌这样的疾病”形成转折，选项C符合题意。第11题:考查词组辨析。give up “放弃 ”；get over “克服，恢复”；carry on “继续”；get down“下来，吞下”。空格处所在句子的大意是：前者继续产生社会影响，比如重视教育的传统。选项C符合题意。第12题:考查名词词义辨析。development “发展”；origin “来源；起点”；consequence “结果；重要性”；instrument“工具”。空格处所在句子的大意是：后者被认为是遗传隔离的结果。选项C符合题意。第13题:考查动词词义辨析。link “连接，关联”；integrate “成为一体”；weave “编织”；combine “结合”。空格处所在句子的大意是：Cochran教授认为智力与疾病是紧密相关的。选项A符合题意。第14题:考查词组辨析。limit to“限制”；subject to “ 使服从；使遭受”；convert to “ 转变”；direct to “ 指向”。根据后面的“独特的进化压力”（unique evolutionary pressures）可知选项B符合题意，“遭受压力”。第15题:考查形容词词义辨析。paradoxical“矛盾的，似是而非的”；incompatible“不相容的”；inevitable“不可避免的”；continuous “连续的”。根据前文可