word汉英翻译根底教程第一章汉英词汇比拟与翻译2第二章词法翻译的一般技巧4第三章名词的抽象和具体译法9第四章动词的翻译11第五章数词和冠词的翻译12第六章成语的英译13第七章修辞格的翻译17笫八章文化词语的翻译19第九章汉英句子比拟与翻译20第十章换序和转态译法23笫十一章断句合句译法25笫十二章长句的翻译27第十四章汉英语篇比拟与翻译29第十五章风格与翻译30第十六章语用与翻译32第一章 汉英词汇比拟与翻译第一节 翻译中的选义一、 结合语境选择较贴切的译文1. b 2. a 3. b 4. a二、译出如下词语，注意词语的不同搭配1 a swarm of bees a brood of chickensa litter of pups2. a bevy of beautiful ladies a pack of hounds a team of ducks a herd of antelopes3. unfailing support proactive fiscal policy make effective use of overseas resources4. make a phone call take a taxi knit a woolen sweater fetch water play basketball spray insecticide5. basic wage capital construction essential modity primary industry fundamental interest三、翻译如下句子，注意画线词语的理解1. The two leaders exchanged views on bilateral relations and issues of mon concern2. Party members should listen carefully to the opinions of the general public.3. They offered some suggestions for the revision of the plan.4. Everyone plained against such a practice.5. They had a dispute at the meeting.6. You should follow the doctors advice.7. They reached a consensus on this issue.8. There is still some unfinished business to settle.9. We have consulted him about the matter.10. Please go back. There is nothing of your concern now第二节 翻译中的选词一、翻译如下各句，注意词的选择和搭配。1. That depends upon circumstances. 2. This state of affairs must be changed.3. How do matters stand with them? 4. He presents all his books to the library5. A teacher should devote himself to the cause of education.6. The mittee consists of 15 members.7. Air is made up of a mixture of gases.8. Go in for rigorous training and set strictmand.二、翻译如下词组，注意词汇的搭配方式。1set sail2. open quotation3. the beginning of spring4. go into operation5be taken in6. make progress7. distinguished guests8. be on duty三、翻译如下各句，注意汉语中词汇的词义X围。1. It rained cats and dogs (hard / heavily) three days on end (in succession / running).2. He likes talking big (talking large / talking horse /talking tall)/ he likes saying big words (large words) .3. They are giving the classroom a good (general / spring / through) clean(ing).4. A person like him is by no means (in no way / on no account / never / not absolutely) rare.5. We should go in for industry in a big way in accordance with your suggestion.6. If you do it like that, youll be pletely (gravely / seriously) mistaken (be absolutely wrong / make a big mistake / make a major blunder / mit a very gross error).第三节 翻译中的多样性一、翻译如下句子，注意画线词的多样性译法。1.It sounds as if the two of you are always of one mind, Second Sister chuckled, How wouldit be if we were to betroth you to him?2. Through clenched teeth he added, .3. She bore me no grudge, replied Xifeng. It was Baoyu who made her grind her teeth withrage just before she died. 4. But after her initial fright Xifeng put on a bold face. If shes dead, she retorted, Whatsall the fuss about?二、翻译如下句子，注意画线局部的成语。1. The more you get, the more you want.2. Its only natural for man to hanker for more.3. Goodness knows what theyre being so secretive about.4. Shes been creeping in here the last couple of days in a very sneaky way. Goodness knowswhat shes up to.5. Who told you to make such a fuss over nothing?6. Anything will do; dont fuss.7. Our grandma is ill; dont kick up such a shindy.(口语：吵架。争吵，打架)8. When others heard this they mented, “We thought it was someone who mattered isnt worth making such a fuss about.第二章 词法翻译的一般技巧第一节 对等译法一、翻译下面的句子，注意搭配产生的“假朋友 1. a faithful Christian 2. a loving parent 3. an obedient child 4. a virtuous wife 5. a dutiful husband 6. a hardworking student 7. strong wind 8. thick fog9 heavy rain二、翻译如下句子，注意不顾语境而产生的“假朋友。1. Only when they find much n mon and hope to keep in touch later on, will they offer their cards. (注意不要把“投机翻译成speculative)2. Another example. The reading of Chinese classics is a must for all Chinese. Nevertheless, it was not until I was over 30 that I came to realize the importance of self-study in the matter of classics.3. Dear young friends, my advice to you is: Do physical exercises perseveringly. That has nothing to do with merry-making or time-wasting. Good health is the wherewithal for a successful life and career.三、用对等译法，翻译如下成语。1. fish in troubled waters2. be after ones own heart3. skin and bones4. touch and go5. hit the nail on the head6. be head and shoulders above others7. turn a deaf ear to 8. burn ones boat9. turn a blind eye to10. look for a needle in a bundle of hay四、用对等译法，翻译如下谚语。1. Practice makes perfect.2. More haste, less speed.3. East or west, home is best.4. All is fish that es to the net.5. Everything es to him who waits6. The moon is not seen when the sun shines7. Look b