2022年职称英语卫生AB考试模拟题(4)Education of Students with Vision Impairments This is specially designed education for children who are either partially sighted or blind Vision impairments are diagnosed by medical doctors who examine the physical structures in the eye and evaluate the childs ability to see shapes of different sizes at various distancesIn the United States，approximately 12 out of l,000 children receive some form of special education because of visual impairments Partially sighted children may use a variety of adaptive aids to see more clearly and to read printed textThese aids include magnifiers，which may be attached to eyeglasses；electronic systems for enlarging print and making it easier to see; and large-print booksBlind children usually are taught to read Braille，a system of raised dots embossed on paper and read by touch. In the past，turning conventional books into pages of Braille was very time-consuming, and the large books required enornlous storage areasHowever, most Braille texts are now done electronically. Many students read paperless Braille with the aid of machines that mechanically raise the dots in a small panel as the reader progresses through the textBecause Braille cannot beread very rapidly，many blind students prefer to listen to books being read on tapesSome students also use reading machines equipped with cameras that scan lines of print，which computers then convert to synthesized speech Many blind and partially sighted children receive orientation and mobility training as a part of their educationSpecialists teach them how to travel independently in their schools and communities，often with an aid，such as a cane Most children with vision impairments are educated in schools within their communities Vision specialists may provide special materials and equipment，help teachers and classmates understand the childrens condition，and possibly provide additional instructionThe specialists may also teach partially sighted children how to use their remaining vision more effectively and instruct them in the use of adaptive aids Some children with vision impairments attend special schools designed to meet their particular needsLike boarding schools，these schools often provide residential services as well as educational programs. They also have specially designed facilities，which may not be found in neighborhood schools，for blind children to participate in athletics and other activities The education of many children with vision impairments is further complicated by their having other disabilities，such as physical disabilities，developmental impairments, or hearing lossEducation for those children might emphasize the development of language and communication，and personal，social，and vocational skills rather than academic skills 练习：1Various adaptive aids are used toA) cure children of their vision impairmentsB) help children see more clearly。read books and so onC) teach children how to turn Braille into synthesized speech.D) teach children how to use their remaining vision more effectively2Large-print books are those books whichA) are printed with large pagesB) have large words in themC) can be read by using a magnifierD) can be read with the aid of machines3Marry blind students prefer listening to books becauseA) these books can talk by themselvesB) the synthesized speech is very interestingC) this can save timeD) these students are lazy4“Orientation and mobility trainingis meant to teach blind and partially sighted childrenA)how to complete their educationB)how to use a caneC)how to move around without other peoples helpD)how to help other people to travel independently5It may be good for children with vision impairments to live in special schools because these schoolsA) can save them the trouble of coming from and going back to their homesB) are built of nice wooden boards and so are clean and comfortableC) have educational programs for the blindD) offer training in vocational skills rather than academic skills