Factors Affecting Memory Efficiency in EFL【Abstract】ManyfactorscanaffectmemoryefficiencyinEFL.Inthisarticletheauthordividesthemintosubjectivefactorsandobjectivefactors.【Keywords】subjectivefactors；objectivefactors【作者簡介】贾敏，山东工艺美术学院公共课教学部。ManyfactorscanaffectmemoryefficiencyinEFL.Inthisarticletheauthordividesthemintosubjectivefactorsandobjectivefactors.I.subjectivefactorsSubjectively，onesinterest，perseverance，attention，experienceandawarenessoftheobjectivesgreatlyinfluenceonesmemory.Interestisthepsychologicaltendencyofpeoplesexertingtheirefforttogettoknowandtoexploreonething.Peoplealwaystakeanactivepartinexploringthethingswhichattractsthem.Therefore，interestisthegreatinnerdriveforonetounderstandthingsandperformonesactivities.Thosethingsthatmeetonesneedsandsatisfyonesinteresteasilyenhanceonesenthusiasmandwillmakeoneundertakethetaskscheerfullyandsmoothly.Ifoneshowsnointerestinonethingandevenregardsitasaburden，itsverypossiblethathecantdoitwell.Interestisnotinbornandcanbefostered.Memoryisarathercomplicatedprocess.ForustheprocessofmemorizingEnglishwordsinEFLisverydifficulttodealwith.Itsthisinextricableprocessthatcantrialwhetheroneisperseverantornot.Thosewhohavenottheamazingwillpowerwillnevertastethedeliciousfruitofvictoryandthemerethingtheycandoisjustgivinguphalfway.Theawarenessoftheobjectivesofmemoryisalsoveryimportant.Ifonehasntaclearanddefiniteaim，hecantmemorizethingsmoreeffectively.Generallyspeaking，theclearertotheobjectives，thedeeperoneunderstandsthesignificanceofthetask，andthefirmeronesmemoryis.Attentionmeansthatpsychologicalactivitypointstoandfocusesonsomeobjects.Italsomeanstheseleciveconcentrationonsomeobjects.Insteadofbeinganindependentpsychologicalprocess，attentionisonlyapsychologicalstate，accompanyingtheotherpsychologicalprocesssuchasmemory.Itcantreflectthings.Itonlymaintainsthepointingstateofthepsychologicalactivitiesandguaranteestheeffectiveconductofthepsychologicalactivities.Sonopsychologicalactivitiescanbecarriedoutwithoutattention，ofcourseincludingmemory.Soifonewantstomemorizesomethingeffectivelyandquickly，onemustbeattentive.SomeEnglishlearnerscomplainthattheycantmemorizesomethingevenafterreadingitfortentimes.Thecauseistheirabsentmindedness.Readingtentimeswithoutattentionisnotsoeffectiveasreadingonlyoncebutattentively.“Doonethingatatime“emphasizestheimportanceofattention.onesknowledgeandexperiencecanalsoaffectonesmemory.Ifonehasprofoundknowledgeandabundantexperience，thechanceforhimtounderstandthematerialscorrectlyandpromptlyislarge.Thebetterheunderstands，thefirmerhismemoryis.II.objectivefactorsThequalityandthequantityofthematerialsareamongtheobjectivefactors.Weallknowthattothesamekindofmaterials，e.g.thewordsatthesamecognitivelevel，thelargerthequantityisthelongerthetimeofmemorizingprocesswillbetaken.Consideringthequalityofthematerials，itwillbringbettereffectsifthematerialistangibleandeasilyunderstood.Inaddition，itseasytomemorizethewell-acquaintedmaterialsratherthanstrangeones.WhenwelearnthenewwordsinEFL，ifthewordsareveryabstract，itshardforustomemorizeit.Thetimesoftherepetitionareanotherobjectivefactor！Generallyspeaking，itseemsthatthemorewerepeat，thebettertheprocessofthememorizing.Weneedrepetition，butweshouldcontrolitsamountappropriately.Theexcessiverepetitionisawasteoftimeandenergy.Tochoosebetterapproacheswhenwememorizesomethingisalsoveryimportant.Wecanbenefitfromalltheapproachesthatmaketheadvantageofthevoluntarymemoryandsensememory.Differenteffectswillappearbyusingdifferentsenseorgans.Accordingtothecharttheoryofmemory，theacquisitionbyvisualsenseperformsanactiveroleinthewholeprocessofmemory.SomeexperimentsshowthatifweuserespectivelytheEnglishwordsandthepicturerepresentingthesameconceptasthematerial，e.g.theword“plantingandthepictureofthisactivity，thememorizingefficiencyofthelatterisevidentlyhigherthanthatoftheformeronlybecausepicturesstimulateoureyesmorethanthespellingsofthewords.Theeffectofthevisualsenseisbetterthanthesenseofhearing.Whileinturn，theeffectofthesenseofhearingisbetterthantheothersenses.However，thecooperationofallthedifferentsensescanhelponetogainevenbettereffectthanbyusingonlyoneofthem.Soweshouldtrytostimulateallthesenseorganstowork.