附 录附录AThe frame is the most basic test bench car, all the suspension and turned to connect components are installed in frame above. If car frame flexible is too big, can make cars can neither turned, also cannot normal control. And if the car too rigid frame structure, and would cause unnecessary vibration passed to the driver and passengers seat cabins. Auto frame and suspension structure design is not only the vehicle noise size and the decision of the vibration amplitude strength, but also will affect the quality of the car and the normal control vehicle. Car manufacturers in their production car are used in several different frame structure. Among them, through the seventy s the most commonly used is shell and girders of fission structure. At present it is still in large trucks, small tonnage truck and a truck on the application. In car shell and the beam structure in the fission, engine, transmission device, transmission gear and the car is through shell insulation devices in the body on the sole fixed. The frame of the internal insulation devices is artificial rubber pad to be able to stop road uneven and engine noise and vibration of the work related to the driver and passengers cockpit. The second is the single structure of automobile frame. This kind of design so far in the modern car is the most commonly used. According to the strength of the frame monomer to points, design have light structure. In this car structure as part of the beam frame welding to be directly on the shell. The weight of the chassis increased the strength of the beam. Transmission gears and transmission device via big and soft artificial rubber insulation mat installed in the frame monomer. Insulation pad weakened the noise transmission and vibration. If the insulation pad too soft, will cause transmission gears and transmission device displacement. The displacement called soft quantity, it will affect the manipulation of car performance and control performance. If the insulation pad too hard, cannot play its isolation and reduce the role of the vibration noise. Car manufacturers well-designed insulation mat, put them in proper place device car, in order to reduce the noise, vibration, make the transmission buffer for driving car, drivers and passengers take comfort. The performance of the insulation mat with use fixed number of year changing, when the old car becomes the performance of the original also changed.He third kind of structure is the first two kinds of structure of the main characteristics unifies in together. It in front of the car used car beam, in the short HouCang use a frame. A monomer, and short rigid part of the beams action is insulation to enhance the car.Car manufacturers in the car that choose low production cost and at the same time to meet with noise, vibration control performance requirements of high driving frame structure. The old large vehicles, trucks, and trucks often use shell and girders of fission structure. A new, smaller vehicles often use single structure frame.Engine piston connecting rod groupThe piston connecting rod group of piston, piston, piston pins, connecting rod, connecting rod bearings etc.Function: the piston is the work of gas pressure to bear, and through the piston pin to connecting rod rotation, the piston driven crankshaft top or part of the combustion chamber. Working conditions: the piston in high temperature and high pressure, high speed, bad lubrication under the conditions of the job. The piston directly with high temperature, gas contact instantaneous temperatures up to 2500 K above, therefore, heat, and cooling conditions and serious is very poor, so the piston work temperature is very high, the top as high as 600 to 700 K, and the temperature distribution is not uniform; The piston top bear gas pressure to do work, especially the greatest pressure, the gasoline engine trip up to 3 5 MPa, diesel engine as high as 6 9 MPa, this makes the piston impact, and bear the role of the lateral pressure, therefore, the piston should have enough heat resistance, to try to reduce the piston, piston cooling heating strengthen heat transfer surface, suitable enlargement, make the tops of the pistons. The highest temperature drop Inside the cylinder piston at high speed (8 to 12 m/s) reciprocating motion, and speed changing constantly, which has made a big inertia force, driving the piston is much additional load. The piston in this harsh conditions, can produce deformation work and accelerated wear, still can produce additional load and thermal stress, and the chemical corrosion function by gas. In order to reduce reciprocating inertia force, must reduce the weight of the piston as much as possible. The piston is in high temperature and high pressure, high speed (piston average speed can reach 101115 m/s) under the working conditions of the poor, the lubrication, piston and cylinder wall friction between serious. To reduce the friction, the piston surface