技术创新对我国高技术产品贸易竞争力影响的研究摘 要进入21世纪以来，全球产业竞争愈演愈烈，以信息技术产业、生物技术产业为重点的高技术产业，因其所具有的高增长、高附加值潜在力，使得高技术产业国际竞争力日益受到关注。同时，随着我国工业化进程的加快，需要发展高技术产业以拓展产业空间，但由于我国高技术产业的发展起步晚、基础低及国际产业转移等特点使得我国当前的高技术产业的发展途径不同于欧美等发达国家。影响一国特定产品的贸易竞争力的因素很多，无论是传统贸易理论还是新贸易理论均强调技术创新对产品贸易竞争力的促进作用。现代社会中，技术创新是决定高技术产业产品竞争力的根本因素,是科学技术进入社会生产的基本方式，它通过产品技术和生产技术的改进、劳动生产率的提高、生产成本的降低，从而提高产品的国际贸易竞争力；并通过提升高附加值、高技术含量产品的出口比重，改进出口产品结构，促进产业结构升级，进一步增强产业的国际贸易竞争力。本文的研究是基于新贸易理论基础，就技术创新对我国高技术产业的产品贸易竞争力的影响进行理论诠释和实证分析,主要目的是通过分析我国高技术产品贸易竞争力和技术创新的状况，研究技术创新与我国高技术产品贸易竞争力的互动关系，并对我国高技术产品出口竞争力的提升作进一步的考察。研究结果表明：我国高技术产品贸易竞争力的提升与技术创新活动中的个别投入变量有着较紧密的关系，如RD投入与研发产出率同高技术产品贸易竞争力间存在长期均衡关系，而人力资本投入强度、新产品开发强度与高技术产品贸易竞争力的关联度不大；我国技术创新属于外资推动型，本土创新非常薄弱,我国高技术产品贸易竞争力提升的潜在力不足。关键词：技术创新；高技术产品；贸易竞争力；关联性A STUDY OF THE EFFECT OF TECHNOLOGIC INNOVATION ON CHINAS HIGH-TECH PRODUCT TRADE COMPETITIVENESS ABSTRACTIn the 21st century, the worlds growing industrial competitiveness, the information technology industry, the biotechnology industrys focus on high-tech industry, which has rapid growth, high value-added potential, has been making the international competitiveness of high-tech industries become an increasing concern. At the same time, as the process of Chinas industrialization speeds up, it needs to develop high-tech industry in order to expand the space of industry. But our high-tech industry development started late, the basis of our high-tech industry was low and the international transfer of industry, which makes the characteristics of Chinas current high-tech industry different from that of developed countries. Many factors have impact on a countrys trade competitiveness, both traditional trade theory and the new trade theory emphasize that technological innovation gives great promotion on the trade competitiveness. In modern society, it is the decisive factor of the high-tech product trade competitiveness, and it is also the basic way for science and technology becoming social production, it increases the productivity, reduces production costs and thereby enhances the products international competitiveness, through improving production technology; Furthermore, through improving the value of products, increasing the ratio of high-tech products exports, upgrading of the industrial structure, technological innovation makes the industrys international competitiveness much stronger. This paper gives a theoretical and empirical analysis of technological innovation impacting Chinas high-tech product trade competitiveness based on the new trade theory. The main purpose is to explore the mutual-improve relation between technological innovation and high-tech products trade competitiveness of our country, by analyzing the current situation of our countrys high-tech products trade competitiveness and the action of technological innovation, and giving a further study of the enhancing of Chinas high-tech products export competitiveness. The results show that: there is a long and close relationship between the enhancing of Chinas high-tech products trade competitiveness and some variables of technological innovation, such as R & D investment and the rate of R & D output has a long-term balanced relationship between the trade competitiveness, but the rate of manpower capital and that of develop new products has little relationship with the trade competitiveness of Chinas high-tech product; Chinas technological innovation is foreign investment-driven, domestic innovation is very weak, the potential power to enhance Chinas high-tech products trade competitiveness is very insufficient. KEY WORDS: Technological Innovation; High-tech Products; Trade Competitiveness; Relevance目 录第一章 导 论1第一节 选题的背景和意义1一、选题背景1二、选题意义2第二节 文献综述：贸易竞争力的动力源3一、传统贸易理论对贸易竞争力的研究3二、新国际贸易理论对技术与竞争优势关联性的研究4三、国内关于贸易竞争力的研究7四、关于技术创新的论述8五、关于技术创新对出口贸易影响的实证研究9第三节 文章的结构、研究方法及可能的难点与创新点10一、文章的结构与思路10二、可能的创新点10三、主要难点与不足11第二章 相关概念界定及评定指标12第一节 贸易竞争力概念及其评定指标12一、贸易竞争力的含义12二、贸易竞争力评定指标14第二节 技术创新概念及其评价指标18一、技术创新的动态内涵18二、相关概念的辨识19三、技术创新的分类20四、技术创新的评价指标21第三章 技术创新影响高技术产品贸易竞争力的机理22第一节 影响高技术产品贸易竞争力的因素分析22一、高技术产业或产品的界定22二、外贸竞争力的影响因素23三、影响高技术产品出口竞争力的因素23第二节 技术创新影响贸易竞争力的传动路径24一、传动路径24二、传导路径中的几点解释24第三节 技术创新与高技术产品贸易竞争力的关联模型26一、生产者行为26二、消费者行为29三、技术创新与贸易竞争力的关联模型30第四节 跨跃技术性贸易壁垒，提升贸易竞争力30一、技术性贸易壁垒的短期效应31二、技术性贸易壁垒的中长期效应32第四章 技术创新影响高技术产品贸易竞争力的实证分析35第一节 我国高技术产品贸易竞争力的现状35一、我国高技术产品贸易竞争力的动态变化35二、我国高新技术产业劳动生产率的变化态势36三、我国高新技术产业的利润率变化态势37第二节 技术创新活动的发展现状38第三节 技术创新影响高技术产品贸易竞争力的实证分析40一、 变量选取及数据来源41二、 计量模型41三、 模型检验结果的解释47第四节 对我国高技术产品贸易竞争力不同视角的考察49一、基于出口主体类型的考察49二、基于不同贸易方式的考察50三、基于高技术产品出口结构的考察50第五节 我国高技术产品出口竞争力的现实问题51一、我国高新技术产品贸易竞争力总体水平低51二、低价竞争的不平衡发展53三、研发投入严重不足，难以形成公认的技术标准53第五章 结论与政策建议55第一节 研究结论55一、理论方面55二、实证方面55第二节 加快技术创新提升贸易竞争力的策略选