高二英语第二学期期末复习材料 主备人:雷菲M7U3 The World On Line1第 1 页 共 10 页一、本单元重点知识1. that is to say= that is = in other words 也就是说；换言之2. analysis: n. 分析，分解 pl. analyses in the last / final 总之analyst: n. 分析家，分解者 analyse = analyze vt.分析 We should the causes of our failure. 我们应该分析失败的原因。3. value n. 价值，估价，评价，价格 be of great value =valuable vt. 估价，评价，重视He d the ring at 80. 有估计这戒指值80美元。I our friendship very much. 我非常珍惜我们的友谊。valuable: adj. 有价值的，值钱的The book is of great value. / The book is very valuable. 这本书很有价值。辨析：value / price / cost value: 指内在的价值, the of American dollar 美元的内在价值price: 指商品的价值 at a high 以高价 cost: 指制作成本，at all s不惜一切代4. affair: n. C 事务，事件，私事，恋爱事件 (pl.) 事态，事物 current s 时事 the s of state 国家大事 family s 家事the Ministry of Foreign Affairs 外交部 That is my , not yours. 那是我的事，不是你的事。辨析：affair / business / matteraffair:泛指自己关心或必须做的事。We must try to forget the sad . 我们要尽量把这件伤心事忘掉。business: 指任务或责任及商业买卖。 Its none of your . 这不关你的事。matter: 指要考虑或处理的事。I have an important to talk to you about. 我有件重要的事5. sort n种类；类别vt. 将分类；整理What sort of meat do you like best? 你最喜欢吃什么肉? He is the sort of person I really dislike 他这种人我真是不喜欢。We must sort out the good apples from the bad ones咱们得把好苹果拣出来，同坏的分开。out of sorts身体不适 sort of=kind of有点；几分 sort out整理；挑选出 sort out from把从挑出来6.sceptical adj.表示怀疑的；持怀疑态度的suspect v.怀疑 suspect sth./+clause怀疑/以为 suspect sb. to be 怀疑/以为某人是suspect sb. of sth./doing sth怀疑某人做suspicious adj.可疑的； 引起怀疑的 be /fell suspicious of /about 对.怀疑suspicion n.怀疑, 猜疑, 嫌疑 have a suspicion of that 怀疑.7. common强调“常见的”、“ 不足为奇的”，”随处可见的” the common people 老百姓 common knowledge/sense 常识 have sth in common在上有共同点 in common with 像其他人一样如：Colds are common in winter.感冒在冬天很常见。ordinary强调“平常的”、“平淡无奇的” His ordinary supper consists of only bread and milk. 他通常的晚餐不过是面包和牛奶。general意为“普遍的”、“一般的”，如：This book is intended for the general reader, not for the specialist.8. advance vt.促进；提高-advancement n.-advanced a.先进的；高级的advance vt. 推进,进展,提出 n. 前进,预先 advance the growth of industry 推进工业的增长 advance a new plan 提出新计划 make great advances (progress) 取得进步in advance of 在之前, 在前面If you want to get the book, you must pay for it in advance. 如果你要买这本书，你得先付款。 9.moreover 而且；此外 类似的词：futhermore; besides; whats more; in addition (to)10. tie n.关系；联系；纽带；领带 build social ties 建立社会联系tieto 把栓在11. remain vi保持；仍然是；剩下；尚需. (后可接名词,形容词,动名词,动词不定式等.) remain + n./ adj./ pron./ v-ed/ing/ prep./to do sth. It remained to be done. 有待考察。12. address vt. He is going to address the meeting.向.发表演说(省略 to) 他将向大会作演说。 I addressed the envelope to Mr. Jones 在信封或包裹上写姓名地址 He addressed her as “Miss Mattie”.。称呼(+as) 他称呼她为“玛蒂小姐”Your essay doesnt address the real issues.( 对付，探讨deal with) 你的论文没有论证实质问题。13. judge vt判断；鉴别；审理；裁判；裁决-判断n. judgementn法官；裁判员；审判员 I judged him to be about 50 我估计他年龄在50左右。 The judgesdecision is final 裁判的决定为最终决定。 The judge sentenced him to five years in prison 法官判他五年监禁。 judging from/by根据判断,若加从句，只能用from,而不能用byJudging from/by his words，he has known the truth 从他的话判断，他已经知道真相了。_ by his accent, the boy must have come from a North European country, say, Norway or Finland. A. Having judged B. To judge C. Judged D. Judging Judging from his looks ,he may be sick.从外表看，他或许生病了。 Judged to be the best in the competition, he was chosen to go to Beijing University. choosechose-chosen14. occur vi a.发生 occurred 翻译: 事故发生在五点钟. The accident occurred at five oclock.b. 浮现 sth occurred occurs to sb 我想到了一个主意.An idea occurred to me . occur 常用于 it occurred to sb that (某人刚刚想到)15. addict v.上瘾；-addiction n.-addicted adj.-addictive adj. be addicted to doing sth16.present vt.提出，呈现；赠送，授予；-n. presentation陈述；呈现 present sth to sb; present sb. with sth n. .礼物；adj.现在的 at present现在, 目前 be present in在某个地方存在 Air pollution is present in the city.17. accustomed adj习惯于：适应了的 (1) be/become/get accustomed to doing sth. 习惯于be accustomed to有时可以与be used to互换 (2) accustom v. 使习惯于; 常与to(介词)连用accustom oneself to doing使自己习惯于18.appreciation n.欣赏；赞赏-appreciate v. appreciate doing sth19. be worn out= be tired out= give out(不用被动，不及物词组) 筋疲力尽，疲惫的20. sth be popular with sb. 受的欢迎21. admire v.-admiration n.-admirable adj. 赞赏；佩服22. intelligent a. 聪明的;明智的- intelligence n. deligent a.勤劳的23. manner n.方式; pl. 礼貌, 规矩 table manners餐桌礼仪； good/bad manners24. outcome n. 结果； income n.收入25. be eager for sth; be eager to do sth 渴望= long for sth; long for sb to do sth26. step n.步骤； 足迹； v.迈步step by step 一步一步地； take steps/measures/action采取措施 step into society27. aid n.帮助,帮助者vt.援助, 帮助 (1)first aid 急救 （2）AIDS 艾滋病 （3）An English-Chinese Dictionary is an important aid in learning the English. 一本英汉词典是学习英语的重要工具。t