2022考研英语真题阅读理解试题及解析(18)Death is normal; we are genetically programmed to disintegrate and perish, even under ideal conditions. We all understand that at some level, yet as medical consumers we treat death as a problem to be solved. Shielded by third-party payers from the cost of our care, we demand everything that can possibly be done for us, even if it”s useless. The most obvious example is late-stage cancer care. Physiciansfrustrated by their inability to cure the disease and fearing loss of hope in the patienttoo often offer aggressive treatment far beyond what is scientifically justified。In 1950, the U.S. spent $12.7 billion on health care. In 2022, the cost will be $1，540 billion. Anyone can see this trend is unsustainable. Yet few seem willing to try to reverse it. Some scholars conclude that a government with finite resources should simply stop paying for medical care that sustains life beyond a certain agesay 83 or so. Former Colorado governor Richard Lamm has been quoted as saying that the old and infirm “have a duty to die and get out of the way ” so that younger, healthier people can realize their potential。I would not go that far. Energetic people now routinely work through their 60s and beyond, and remain dazzlingly productive. At 78, Viacom chairman Sumner Redstone jokingly claims to be 53. Supreme Court Justice Sandra Day O”Connor is in her 70s, and former surgeon general C. Everett Koop chairs an Internet start-up in his 80s.These leaders are living proof that prevention works and that we can manage the health problems that come naturally with age. As a mere 68-year-old, I wish to age as productively as they have。Yet there are limits to what a society can spend in this pursuit. Ask a physician, I know the most costly and dramatic measures may be ineffective and painful. I also know that people in Japan and Sweden, countries that spend far less on medical care, have achieved longer, healthier lives than we have. As a nation, we may be overfunding the quest for unlikely cures while underfunding research on humbler therapies that could improve people”s lives。36. What is implied in the first sentence?A Americans are better prepared for death than other people。B Americans enjoy a higher life quality than ever before。C Americans are over-confident of their medical technology。D Americans take a vain pride in their long life expectancy。37. The author uses the example of cancer patients to show thatA medical resources are often wasted。B doctors are helpless against fatal diseases。C some treatments are too aggressive。D medical costs are becoming unaffordable。38. The author”s attitude to ward Richard Lamm”s remark is one ofA strong disapproval。B reserved consent。C slight contempt。D enthusiastic support。39. In contras to the U.S. ,Japan and Sweden are funding their medical careA more flexibly。B more extravagantly。C more cautiously。D more reasonably。40. The text intends to express the idea thatA medicine will further prolong people”s lives。B life beyond a certain limit is not worth living。C death should be accepted as a fact of life。D excessive demands increase the cost of health care。解析36. What is implied in the first sentence? 第一句话示意什么?A Americans are better prepared for death than other people。美国人对于死亡的预备超过其他人。B Americans enjoy a higher life quality than ever before。美国人比从前享受更高的生活质量。C Americans are over-confident of their medical technology。美国人对他们的医学技术过于自信。D Americans take a vain pride in their long life expectancy。美国人对于他们的长寿有一种虚荣的骄傲感。【答案】 C【考点】 推断题。【分析】 该题问的是篇首第一句的含义。这句话说的是“据说，在英国死亡是迫在眉睫的，在加拿大死亡是不行避开的，在加利福尼亚死亡是可以选择的。”从这句话中，我们可以看出美国人自认为美国拥有先进医疗技术，死亡是可以掌握的。所以C项是正确的。A项毫无道理，由于从文章中可以看出美国人还是可怕死亡的。B项是将美国人的现状与过去相比，与本句无关。D项说的是美国人对于他们的长寿有一种虚荣的骄傲感，也是不正确的，由于分析第一段就发觉，谈论的，或者说自己进展解释的是美国人对医疗技术的自信，所以D不正确。37. The author uses the example of cancer patients to show that用癌症病人的例子来说明A medical resources are often wasted. 医疗资源经常被铺张。B doctors are helpless against fatal diseases. 医生对于致命的疾病也无计可施。C some treatments are too aggressive. 有一些治疗过去大胆。D medical costs are becoming unaffordable. 医疗费用越来越支付不起。【答案】 A【考点】 意图题。【分析】 在其次段中，用晚期癌症患者为例，指出医生们往往实行一些激进的缺乏科学依据的治疗方法。结合文章来看，我们发觉它的作用是为了说明人们通常铺张了医疗资源，过度地投入在已经没有用处的的事情上。因此我们可以推断出的意图，即不应当铺张医疗资源在那些无可救药的人身上。B、C选项都不能表达意图。文中提及第三方支付人支付许多费用，因此D项内容是错误的。38. The authors attitude toward Richard Lamms remark is one of对待Richard Lamm所说的话的态度是A strong disapproval. 剧烈反对。B reserved consent. 有保存的赞同。C slight contempt. 略有蔑视。D enthusiastic support. 热闹支持。【答案】 B【考点】 态度题。【分析】 通过关键词“Lamm”可以定位到第三段“Lamm”所说的话，“老年人有义务死亡，以免拦住道路”。在第四段，对于“Lamm”的观点发表了看法，“I would not go that far。”(我不会走那么远。)接着，举出了很多例子，说明老年人可以活得很有价值。这很简单让人认为是反对“Lamm”的观点的。但是接下来的一