对野性的呼唤中巴克形象的分析An Analysis of Buck in The Call of the WildAbstract: Jack London is one of the outstanding writers in 20th century. He is renowned both in modern American literature and even the world literature. The Call of the Wild is one of the most famous works which is about a dog and a wolf in world literature. It tells us a story that a dog (Buck) was doted on human then sold to traders as a shepherd dog. And then he become a leading dog Finally he is assimilated to be a wolf in the call of the wolves. During the modeling of the Buck image, the writer put the Bucks human nature into wild nature. While its wild nature is embodied in the human nature, and the human nature and the wild nature were both existed in Buck. Eventually, the wild nature overcame the human nature, and Buck metamorphosed from a dog into a wolf. The writer revealed the essence of the intriguing against each other and cruel scrambling in human beings in that real society by metaphorizing the ruin of the wild world “human nature” and recrudescence of the “wild nature”. This essay discusses the authors viewpoints and philosophy of his life by analyzing Bucks character changing.Key words: Buck; Jack London; wolf-changing; survival of the fittest; human nature; wild nature摘 要：杰克伦敦是20世纪初美国极富盛名的作家，在现代美国文坛和世界文坛都享有崇高的位。他的野性的呼唤讲述了一只名叫巴克的狗经历了被人宠爱，被人贩卖作为一只拉雪橇犬至成为一只领头狗，最后在狼群的叫声中逐渐被同化为一只狼的过程。作者在巴克形象的塑造中，将巴克的人性寓于兽性中，其兽性中又体现着人性，人性和兽性在巴克身上争斗，最终兽性占据了统治地位，巴克蜕变成一只狼。作者通过喻写动物世界中的“人性”的沦丧和“野性”的复发，来揭示当时人类社会人与人之间勾心斗角于残酷争夺的本质。本文将通过巴克形象转变的塑造来反映作者对现实“文明社会”的看法以及自己的人生哲学。关键词：巴克；杰克伦敦; 狼变；适者生存；人性；野性ContentsI. Introduction.1II. Background Information.1III.The Survival of the Fittest Theory.2 A. The definition of survival of the fittest theory.2 B. Survival of the fittest theory in The Call of the Wild.2. The Super dog Image of Buck.4. The Analysis of the Return of Buck.5A. The Return requite the little kindness with everything you can.5 B. The Rupturegone for the wilderness.6. HesitationStruggle in the Civilized Society.6 .DiscoveringThe Thinking to the Real Society.7.The Transition of Jack Londons World View and Life Philosophy .8 A. Love and hope.8 B. Environmental determinism.9.Conclusion.9Works Cited.10 An Analysis of Buck in The Call of the Wild. IntroductionJack London, an illegitimate child born in San Francisco in 1876 and reared in poverty across the bay in Oakland, California, had become the highest-paid, most widely read, and best-known writer in America by the time he was thirty-seven years old. In part, London achieved such tremendous popularity because he was the quintessential America adventurer, a westerner living in a country that culturally thrived on and was identified with expiration of unknown territory. He lived an adventurous life and then used events from his own life as fodder for his profession as a writer. The publication that first brought Jack London worldwide fame and continues to be his best-known work is a short novel whose main character is a Yukon sled dog named Buck. That work, begun in December 1902 and published in 1903, was entitled The Call of the Wild. Like Louisa May Alcotts Little Women and Harper Lees To Kill a Mockingbird, Jack Londons The Call of the Wild is one of those books that is usually encountered in youth and has a profound, lifelong effect on its readers. It has been called an adventure story, a romance, a realistic nature story, a dog story, a historical or cultural treatise, and an allegory or myth. It holds special appeal for those who know the wilderness. It also appeals to those who yearn for a special kind of freedom that can only be found outside of societys constraints. The adventure in its readers responds to the novel whether the unknown land they would explore is an icy wilderness near the Arctic Circle or some compelling psychological and mythic frontier within human beings themselves (Wang Qinling 65). . Background InformationThe Call of the Wild tells us a dog(buck)was doted on human then sold to traders as a shepherd dog looking for gold in the far North and in the call of the wolves changed as a wolf. The Gold Rush in the Yukon and Alaska has prompted the need for big, strong dogs who will be able to pull sleds over icy trails. Buck, a large animal living in the home of Judge Miller in Santa Clara, California, is exactly what the explorers want. He is an animal with human-like tendencies, intelligence, strength and dignity. Thus far he has enjoyed his civilized life with the occasional nature stroll or hunting trip. Manuel, a gardener