2022年考博英语-南京师范大学考试题库及全真模拟冲刺卷（附答案带详解）1. 单选题My shoulder hurt （ ） each time I put another full barrel on it, and my legs occasionally trembled as I was heading to the street.问题1选项A.wickedlyB.typicallyC.ultimatelyD.vainly【答案】A【解析】考查副词辨析。wickedly“恶劣地，居心叵测的”；typically“代表性地，作为特色地”；ultimately“最后，根本”；vainly“徒劳地，无益地”。句意：每次我把装满东西的桶放我肩上时，我的肩膀就疼得厉害，当我走向街头时，我的腿也是不是打颤。能修饰hurt的只有wickedly。故A项正确。2. 写作题Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay commenting on the remark Living without an aim is like sailing without a compass You can give examples to illustrate your point and then explain what you will do to make your life more meaningful. You should write at least 200 words. Put your essay on Answer Sheet.Part I Cloze 【答案】略3. 单选题（ ）, it is quite easy to drill a hole on it with laser.问题1选项A.As the diamond is hardB.How hard is the diamondC.Hard as the diamond isD.Hard although the diamond is【答案】C【解析】考查倒装用法。由前后两句的关系可知，前一个分句为让步状语， 由此知B项与D项不正确；再由as引导让步状语从句时，后面做表语的名词或形容词要放在as前来形成倒装，故C项正确。句意：钻石虽硬，但是用激光很容易钻一个洞。4. 单选题In the evening they met at the hotel, both content with their day, happy to eat a（ ）meal together and dance a little afterwards.问题1选项A.manuallyB.causallyC.leisurelyD.vigorously【答案】C【解析】考查副词辨析。manually“手动地”；causally“有原因地”；leisurely“休闲地，从容地”；vigorously“精神旺盛地，活泼地”。句意：晚上他们在酒店碰面，对这一天都很满足，他们开心地一起吃了一顿（ ）的晚餐，然后一起跳了一会儿舞。由and后面的内容“跳舞”可推知and前面的内容的状态也是比较悠闲，轻松的，故C项正确。5. 单选题Yesterday afternoon a multitude of people attended the fund raising presentation in the mall问题1选项A.small numberB.special groupC.huge crowdD.youthful team【答案】C【解析】考查词组辨析。a multitude of 许多的，大批的。只有C项“huge crowd 大群人”正确。句意：昨天下午，许多人参加了在商场举行的募捐活动。6. 填空题A person who is（ ）（conscious） is not aware of what is going on around him or her.【答案】unconscious【解析】由“not aware of”可知应将conscious变成unconscious.7. 翻译题1. “Teach Your Child How to Think” offers lessons in perception improvement, of clearly seeing the implications of something you are saying and of exploring the alternatives. （Passage One）2. Finding ways to get more and better sleep can be a challenge. Scientists have identified more than 80 different sleep disorders. Some sleeping disorders are genetic. But many problems are caused by staying up late and by traveling frequently between time zones or by working nights. （Passage Two）3. Selling online carried its own risks, however. With so many companies competing for consumers attention, price competition was intense and profit margins thin or nonexistent. （Passage Three）4. Road politeness is not only good manners, but good sense too. It takes the most cool-headed and good-tempered of drivers to resist the temptation to revenge when subjected to uncivilized behaviors. （Passage Four）5. Never mind something as complex as conversations: the most powerful computers struggle to reliably recognize the shape of an object, the most elementary of tasks for a ten-month-old kid. （Passage Five）【答案】1.教孩子如何思考一书讲述了如何提高孩子的洞察力，透彻理解话语的含义以及探讨话语的不同意图。2. 想办法获得更多更好的睡眠是一个挑战。科学家已经确认了80多种不同的睡眠障碍问题。有些睡眠障碍是遗传的。但许多问题是由熬夜、频繁地在不同时区之间旅行或夜间工作造成的。3. 然而，网上销售也有风险。由于有如此多的公司都争着要吸引消费者的注意力，价格竞争就会非常激烈，而利润就会越来越少，甚至毫无利润可言。4.道路礼貌行为不仅指具备良好的行为举止，同时也指具备良好的意识表现。当遇到不文明行为时，需要驾驶员报纸最清醒的头脑和很好的脾气来控制住心中报复的念头。5.更不用说像谈话这样复杂的事情，现在最先进的计算机正竭力地去认识物体的形状，而这是十个月大的孩子要完成的任务。8. 单选题All parent-child relationships demand excellent communication skills, （ ） both parents and children will experience tremendous frustrations in family life.问题1选项A.and thusB.without themC.so thatD.without which【答案】D【解析】定语从句。句意：所有的亲子关系都需要优秀的沟通技巧，（ ）父母和孩子将在家庭生活中经历巨大的挫折。前半句强调的是优秀沟通技巧的重要性，后半句表明了一个结果，由该结果“tremendous frustrations巨大的挫折”可知应该是在没有优秀的沟通技巧的条件下才会出现的结果。故先排除AC项。此句为定语从句， which指代上文提到的excellent communication skills,故本题答案为D。9. 单选题As is known to all, the rail service now operates without a sum of money granted by the government for assistance.问题1选项A.bonusB.yieldC.pensionD.subsidy【答案】D【解析】考查名词辨析。bonus奖金；yield 收益：pension养老金；subsidy补贴，津贴，补助金。句意：众所周知，铁路服务并没有获得政府提供的一笔援助金。故D项正确。10. 单选题Culture is one of the most challenging elements of the international marketplace. This system of learned behavior patterns characteristic of the members of a given society is constantly shaped by many variables, such as language, religion, values and attitudes, manners and customs, technology, education, and social institutions. To cope with this system, an international manager needs both factual and interpretive knowledge of culture. To some extent, the factual knowledge can be learned; its interpretation comes only through experience.（42）The most complicated problems in dealing with the cultural environment come from the fact that one cannot learn culture -one has to live it. Two schools of thought exist in the busines