IBT听力阅读专业词汇分类：地质类geology地质学geologist地质学家stratum(pl:strata) ,layer地层stratigraphy地层学crust地壳mantle地幔core地核continental crust大陆地壳oceanic crust海洋地壳plate板块fault断层fault plane断层面fault zone断层带rift(crack, split) 断裂disintegration(decomposition)分解erosion腐蚀fossil化石outer core外核igneous rock火成岩metamorphic rock变质岩volcanic火山岩quartz石英quartzite石英岩sedimentary rock沉积岩limestone石灰岩granite花岗岩marble大理石lithosphere岩石圈magma/molten lava岩浆mineral矿物ore矿石deposit矿床platinum白金/铂silver银copper黄铜aluminum铝tin锡lead铅zinc锌nickel镍mercury汞/水银sodium钠 gem宝石diamond钻石emerald绿宝石ruby红宝石the Northern Hemisphere北半球glacier冰川glacial冰川的glacial epoch(age,period)冰川期glacial drift冰渍volcano火山active volcano活火山extinct volcano死火山dormant volcano休眠火山eruption火山喷发crater火山口lava火山岩浆volcanic火山的volcanic dust火山尘volcanic ash火山灰earthquake(quake, tremor, seism)地震seismic地震的seismology地震学geonomy地球学magnitude震级seismic wave地震波cataclysm灾变tidal force/tsunami海啸melt global warming全球渐渐变暖aquifer蓄水层swamp沼泽vegetation植被Great Canyon大峡谷natural wonder自然景观Nile River尼罗河Colorado river科罗拉多河Geologic survey地质调查Greenwich Mean Time格林尼治时间desert沙漠coastline海岸线tributary支流volcano eruption火山爆发