2022年考博英语-湖南师范大学考前模拟强化练习题（附答案详解）1. 单选题The newspaper must provide for the reader the facts, unalloyed, objectively selected facts. But in these days of complex news it must provide more; it must supply interpretation, the meaning of the facts. This is the most important assignment confronting American journalism- to make clear to the reader the problems of the day, to make international news as understandable as community news, to recognize that there is no longer any such thing (with the possible exception of such careless writings as society and club news) as “local” news, because any event in the international area has local reaction in man power draft, in economic strain, in terms, indeed, of our very way of life.There is in journalism a widespread view that when you engage in interpretation, you are entering rough and dangerous waters, the swirling (旋动的, 混乱的)tides of opinion. This is nonsense.The opponents of interpretation insist that the writer or the editor shall confine himself to the “facts”. This insistence raises two questions: What are the facts? And: Are the bare facts enough?As to the first problem, consider how a so-called “factual” story comes about. The reporter collects, say, fifty facts; out of these fifty, his space allotment (分配, 规定)being necessarily restricted, he selects the ten which he considers most important. This is Judgment Number One. Then he or his editor decides which of these ten facts shall constitute the lead of the piece. (This is an important decision because many readers do not proceed beyond the first paragraph). This is Judgment Number Two. Then the night editor determines whether the article shall be presented on page one, where it has a large impact, or on page twenty-four, where it has little. Judgment Number Three.Thus, in the presentation of a so-called “factual” of “objective” story, at least three judgments are involved. And they are judgments not at all unlike those involved in interpretation, in which the reporter and the editor, calling upon their research resources, their general background, and their “news neutralism”, arrive at a conclusion as to the significance of the news.The two areas of judgment, presentation of the news and its interpretation, are both objective rather than subjective processesas objective, that is, as any human being can be. (Note in passing: even though complete objectivity can never be achieved, nevertheless the ideal must always be the guide to the obscure news channels). If an editor is intent on slanting the news, he can do it in other ways and more effectively than by interpretation. He can do it by the selection of those facts that prop up his particular plea. Or he can do it by the play he gives a story- promoting it to page one or demoting it to page thirty.1.The title that best expresses the ideas of this passage is（ ）.2.The writer of an article selects ten out of fifty available facts because（ ）.3.The author is implying that（ ） .4.The lead sentence should present the most important fact because（ ）.5.Of the items listed below, which one would the author consider the most effective way of “slanting” the news?问题1选项A.Interpreting the NewsB.Everything CountsC.Subjective versus Objective ProcessesD.Choosing Facts问题2选项A.space is limitedB.his editor is prejudicedC.the subject is not importantD.he wants to simplify a complex story问题3选项A.In writing a factual story, the writer must use judgmentB.the writer should limit himself to the factsC.the writer should make the story interestingD.editors control what the reporters write问题4选项A.it will influence the reader to continueB.some readers do not read beyond the first paragraphC.it is the best way to write, according to the schools of journalismD.it details the general attitude of the writer问题5选项A.Limiting the length of particular stories.B.Presenting bare facts with no indication of their real significance.C.Placing the story in a inconspicuous location in the newspaper.D.Concentrating on “local” news as opposed to world news【答案】第1题:A第2题:A第3题:D第4题:B第5题:C【解析】1.主旨大意题。结合全文内容可知, 本文主要讲的是对新闻的解读, 选择事实以及主观和客观的过程都是属于解读新闻的, 所以选项 A最恰当。2.细节事实题。根据第四段第二句“The reporter collects, say, fifty facts; out of these fifty, his space allotment being necessarily restricted, he selects the ten which he considers most important.”可知, 选项A符合原文。3.推理判断题。根据原文内容可知, 选项A, B, C是记者在原文中明确提及, 只有选项D是作者在第四段的时候暗指的。4.细节事实题。根据第四段“Then he or his editor decides which of these ten facts shall constitute the lead of the piece. (This is an important decision because many readers do not proceed beyond the first paragraph).”这是一个重要的决定, 因为许多读者读完第一段就不会继续读下去了。选项B与原文表述一致。5.细节事实题。根据最后一段最后两句, 如果一个编辑想要歪曲新闻, 他可以用其他方法, 比解读更有效。他可以通过选择那些支持他借口的事实来做到这一点。或者, 他也可以通过他讲述的故事来做到这一点把它提升到第一页, 或者降低到第三十页。选项C符合原文。2. 翻译题It is more important to pave the way for childrens desi