地震波在几种主要类型岩石的速度变化范围岩石速度Vp（km/s）沉积岩1.56.0花岗岩4.56.5玄武岩4.58.0变质岩3.56.5地震波在不同类型沉积岩的速度变化范围岩石速度Vp（km/s）砾石、砂岩、干砂0.20.8砂质粘土0.30.5湿砂0.60.8粘土1.22.5疏松岩石1.52.5致密岩石1.84.0白垩1.83.5泥质页岩2.54.1石灰岩、致密白云岩2.56.1石膏、无水石膏3.54.5泥灰岩2.03.5盐岩4.25.5常见岩土介质的密度和波速类别名称密度（g/cm3）纵波速度Vp（km/s）横波速度Vp（km/s）松散层粘土1.602.041.22.5湿砂0.60.8砂质粘土0.30.9干砂、砾石0.20.8饱水沙、砾石1.52.8沉积岩砾岩1.604.201.64.20.92.2泥质灰岩2.452.652.04.41.22.4硅质石灰岩2.802.904.44.82.63.0致密石灰岩2.602.772.56.11.43.5页岩2.302.701.34.00.82.3砂岩2.422.772.44.20.92.4致密白云岩2.803.002.55.01.53.0石膏2.412.583.54.51.82.3煤1.301.500.81.50.51.0变质岩片麻岩2.652.796.06.73.54.0大理岩2.682.725.87.33.54.7石英岩2.652.753.06.62.83.2片岩2.682.925.86.13.53.8板岩2.312.753.64.52.12.8千枚岩2.712.862.85.21.83.2岩浆岩花岗岩2.302.804.56.52.33.8闪长岩2.522.705.76.42.83.8玄武岩2.533.104.58.03.04.5安山岩2.302.754.15.62.53.3辉长岩2.552.985.36.53.24.0辉绿岩2.532.975.25.83.43.5橄榄岩2.903.406.58.04.04.8凝灰岩1.601.952.64.31.62.6其它水1.01.41.6冰0.80.93.13.6混凝土2.402.502.04.51.22.7地震波速度的主要影响因素(纵波)：岩性、孔隙度、孔隙填充物、密度、地质年代、构造运动、岩层埋藏深度等因素。