.一、不定代词概说英语的不定代词有 all, each, both, either, neither, one, none, little, many, much,other, another, some, any, no, (a) few, (a) little, both, every 等，以及由 some,any, no 和 every 构成的合成代词(即somebody, anyone, nothing 等)。在这些不定代词中，多数都能作主语、宾语、表语或定语，但是代词 none 以及由 some,any, no 和 every 构成的合成代词只能作主语、宾语或表语，不能作定语,而no和 every 那么只用作定语。二、指两者和三者的不定代词有些不定代词用于指两者(如both, either, neither)，有的不定代词用于指三者(如all, any, none, every)，注意不要弄混：Both of my parents are doctors. 我的父母都是医生。All of the students are interested in it. 所有的学生对此都很感兴趣。There are trees on any side of the square. 广场的每一边都种有树。He has two sons, neither of whom is rich. 他有两个儿子，都不富有。He has three sons, none of whom is rich. 他有三个儿子，都不富有。都任何一个都不两者botheitherneither三者及以上allanynone谓语复数单数单数none也可用于复数注：both可加of，也可单独使用,或加名词both +名词复数或+of，neither/either+of+名词复数、代词,either/neither单独用时“也不【说明】each 可用于两者、三者或三者以上，而 every 只用于三者或三者以上，因此用于两者时只能用 each，不能用 every。如不能说 There are trees on every side of the road. each every可作不定代词和形容词只作形容词，修饰名词可单独使用不可单独使用着重个体着重全体用于两者或两者以上的每个人或物用于三者或三者以上的每个人或物三、复合不定代词的用法特点someone=somebodyanyone=anybodyno one=nobodyeveryone=everyboysomethinganythingnothingeverything它们在句中可用作主语、宾语或表语，但不能用作定语。something, someone 等和 anything, anyone等的区别与 some 和 any 的区别一样，前者一般用于肯定句，后者一般用于否认句、疑问句或条件句(参见 any & some)。具体使用时应注意以下几点：1.复合不定代词受定语修饰时，定语应放在它们后面：There is nothing wrong with the radio. 这收音机没有毛病。Have you seen anyone anybody famous 你见过名人吗2.指人的复合不定代词假设用作主语，其谓语动词一般用单数，相应的人称代词和物主代词也用单数 he, him, his (不一定指男性)。但在非正式文体中常用复数代they,them, their：Everyone has his own life style,but he must obey the law.If anybody anyone es, ask him them to wait. 要是有人来，让他等着。3.指事物的复合不定代词假设用作主语，谓语动词只能用单数，相应的人称代词也只能用 it，而不用 they：You can choose anything,and I can buy it for you.4. anyone=anyboby, everyone=everybody,someone=someboby,等只能指人，不能指物,且其后一般不接of 短语,假设是指物或后接 of 短语,可用 any one,every one,some one, (分开写)，谓语单数：Any one of the boys (books) 孩子们(书)当中的任何一个(本)Every one of the students (schools) 每一个学生(一所学校)注意：1.no one人不能跟of, 但none人/物后可加of，也可不加of，2.none 答复how many/how much,no one答复 who，nothing答复what四.不定代词与局部否认不定代词all, both, every 等与 not 连用时构成局部否认,尤其要注意变否认句。假设要表示完全否认，那么all改 none, both改neither, every改no one等。比拟：Not all of the students like the novel.=Some students like the novel,but some dislike.None of the students like the novel. 这些学生当中没有一个喜欢这本小说。Both of them are not from Japan.=Only one of them is from Japan,the other is not.五、all, both, each 等用作同位语假设用作主语同位语，主语可以是名词或代词；假设用作宾语等其他成分的同位语，那么宾语等成分必须是人称代词，而不能是名词：We have all read it. 我们都读过他。(all 修饰的主语是代词)They told us all to wait there. 他叫我们都在那儿等。(all 修饰的宾语是代词)六、so little 与 such (a) little的区别用so little还是such little取决于little的意思：假设表示数量方面的“少，那么用so little；假设表示形状体积的“小，那么用such little：He has so little time for reading. 他读书的时间少得可怜。Ive never seen such little boxes. 我从未见过那样小的盒子。七、some 与 any的用法区别一般说来，some 用于肯定句中，any 用于否认句，疑问句和条件句中。但是，在表示请求、邀请或征求意见的句子中，通常要用 some 而不用any：Would you like some cake 吃点蛋糕吗.Why not buy some bread 为什么不买些面包呢.Shall I get some chalk for you 要我帮你拿些粉笔来吗.【说明】any 有时也用于肯定句中，此时表示“任何：Any colour will do. 任何颜色都行。e any day you like. 随便哪天来都可以。八.many 与 much的用法区别两者都表示“许多，但 many 修饰或代替可数名词(复数)，而 much 用来修饰或代替不可数名词(单数);但是many,much 常用于疑问句和否认句中现在也可用于肯定句,a lot of =lots of用于肯定句中，Did you see many people there 你在那儿看见许多人了吗We dont have much time. 我们没有许多时间。九few, a few 与 little, a little的用法区别可数不可数肯定a few+名词复数a little否认few+名词复数little注意：little有“小的意思，修饰可数名词eg:a little boy十other,the other,others,the others,another的区别不定代词意义用法other另外的只作定语，后接复数名词或不可数名词the other两者中的另一个；其余的常用于“one,the other中；作定语修饰复数名词，表示“其余的others泛指别的人或物相当于other+复数名词，不能用作定语；或用于“some，others中The others特指其余的人或物相当于the other+复数名词=the rest；不能加名词another三者及以上的另一个；又，再作定语后接单数名词；another+数词+复数名词=数词+more+复数不定代词专项练习I. 用some、any填空。1. There isnt _ water in the bottle. 2. Do you have _ English books No, I dont have _. 3. There are _ people in the room. 4. Could you give me _ paper, please 5. If you have_questions, I can give you_help. 6. I will e to see you _ day. 7. Li Ming is more careful than _ other boy in the class. 8. Would you like _ pop, please 9.Why not buy_applesII. 用little, a little, few & a few填空。1. Dont worry. There is _ time left. 2. He did very well in the exam. So he made _ mistakes. 3. Do you have any friends in the USA Yes, I have _. 4. He cant understand my English words, because he knows _ English.5. Very _ of us can speak French. 6. -Could I have some water, please -Sorry, I have _ now. 7. He has made quite _ friends in China. 8. Would you like some rice Thanks, but just _.9.There is a little bird in the tree, but only _ people saw it.10.Could I have_words with you, Miss White